Limit battery storage duration

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ Classify the change according to the following categories:
     ### Deprecated
     ### Removed
 
+## Develop - 2024-10-11
+### Added
+- Add new **ElectricStorage** parameters **max_duration_hours** and **min_duration_hours** to bound the energy duration of battery storage
+
 ## v0.48.0
 ### Added
 - Added new file `src/core/ASHP.jl` with new technology **ASHP**, which uses electricity as input and provides heating and/or cooling as output; load balancing and technology-specific constraints have been updated and added accordingly

src/constraints/storage_constraints.jl

@@ -21,6 +21,17 @@ function add_storage_size_constraints(m, p, b; _n="")
 	@constraint(m,
         m[Symbol("dvStoragePower"*_n)][b] <= p.s.storage.attr[b].max_kw
     )
+
+	# Constraint (4c)-3: Limit on Storage Energy Capacity based on Duration Hours
+	@constraint(m,
+        m[Symbol("dvStorageEnergy"*_n)][b] <= m[Symbol("dvStoragePower"*_n)][b] * p.s.storage.attr[b].max_duration_hours #p.s.storage.attr[b].max_duration_hours
+    )
+
+    @constraint(m,
+        m[Symbol("dvStorageEnergy"*_n)][b] >= m[Symbol("dvStoragePower"*_n)][b] * p.s.storage.attr[b].min_duration_hours #p.s.storage.attr[b].min_duration_hours
+    )
+
+
 end
 
 

src/core/energy_storage/electric_storage.jl

@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ end
     model_degradation::Bool = false
     degradation::Dict = Dict()
     minimum_avg_soc_fraction::Float64 = 0.0
+    min_duration_hours::Real = 0.0 # Minimum amount of time storage can discharge at its rated power capacity
+    max_duration_hours::Real = 100000.0 # Maximum amount of time storage can discharge at its rated power capacity (ratio of ElectricStorage size_kwh to size_kw)
 ```
 """
 Base.@kwdef struct ElectricStorageDefaults
@@ -198,6 +200,8 @@ Base.@kwdef struct ElectricStorageDefaults
     model_degradation::Bool = false
     degradation::Dict = Dict()
     minimum_avg_soc_fraction::Float64 = 0.0
+    min_duration_hours::Real = 0.0
+    max_duration_hours::Real = 100000.0
 end
 
 
@@ -239,6 +243,8 @@ struct ElectricStorage <: AbstractElectricStorage
     model_degradation::Bool
     degradation::Degradation
     minimum_avg_soc_fraction::Float64
+    min_duration_hours::Real
+    max_duration_hours::Real
 
     function ElectricStorage(d::Dict, f::Financial)  
         s = ElectricStorageDefaults(;d...)
@@ -251,6 +257,10 @@ struct ElectricStorage <: AbstractElectricStorage
             @warn "Battery replacement costs (per_kwh) will not be considered because battery_replacement_year is greater than or equal to analysis_years."
         end
 
+        if s.min_duration_hours > s.max_duration_hours
+            throw(@error("ElectricStorage min_duration_hours must be less than max_duration_hours."))
+        end
+
         net_present_cost_per_kw = effective_cost(;
             itc_basis = s.installed_cost_per_kw,
             replacement_cost = s.inverter_replacement_year >= f.analysis_years ? 0.0 : s.replace_cost_per_kw,
@@ -326,7 +336,9 @@ struct ElectricStorage <: AbstractElectricStorage
             net_present_cost_per_kwh,
             s.model_degradation,
             degr,
-            s.minimum_avg_soc_fraction
+            s.minimum_avg_soc_fraction,
+            s.min_duration_hours,
+            s.max_duration_hours
         )
     end
 end

src/core/energy_storage/thermal_storage.jl

@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ Base.@kwdef struct ColdThermalStorageDefaults <: AbstractThermalStorageDefaults
     macrs_itc_reduction::Float64 = 0.5
     total_itc_fraction::Float64 = 0.3
     total_rebate_per_kwh::Float64 = 0.0
+    min_duration_hours::Real = 0.0
+    max_duration_hours::Real = 9999999999.0
 end
 
 
@@ -86,6 +88,8 @@ Base.@kwdef struct HotThermalStorageDefaults <: AbstractThermalStorageDefaults
     can_serve_dhw::Bool = true
     can_serve_space_heating::Bool = true
     can_serve_process_heat::Bool = false
+    min_duration_hours::Real = 0.0
+    max_duration_hours::Real = 9999999999.0
 end
 
 
@@ -119,6 +123,8 @@ struct ColdThermalStorage <: AbstractThermalStorage
     discharge_efficiency::Float64
     net_present_cost_per_kwh::Float64
     om_cost_per_kwh::Float64
+    min_duration_hours::Real
+    max_duration_hours::Real
 
     function ColdThermalStorage(s::AbstractThermalStorageDefaults, f::Financial, time_steps_per_hour::Int)
 
@@ -167,7 +173,9 @@ struct ColdThermalStorage <: AbstractThermalStorage
             charge_efficiency,
             discharge_efficiency,
             net_present_cost_per_kwh,
-            om_cost_per_kwh
+            om_cost_per_kwh,
+            s.min_duration_hours,
+            s.max_duration_hours
         )
     end
 end
@@ -205,6 +213,9 @@ struct HotThermalStorage <: AbstractThermalStorage
     can_serve_dhw::Bool
     can_serve_space_heating::Bool
     can_serve_process_heat::Bool
+    min_duration_hours::Real
+    max_duration_hours::Real
+
 
     function HotThermalStorage(s::AbstractThermalStorageDefaults, f::Financial, time_steps_per_hour::Int)
 
@@ -256,7 +267,9 @@ struct HotThermalStorage <: AbstractThermalStorage
             om_cost_per_kwh,
             s.can_serve_dhw,
             s.can_serve_space_heating,
-            s.can_serve_process_heat
+            s.can_serve_process_heat,
+            s.min_duration_hours,
+            s.max_duration_hours
         )
     end
 end