Deprecate positional boolean arguments

.azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ trigger:
 
 variables:
   RUN_COVERAGE: no
-  PYTEST_ADDOPTS: --color=yes --junitxml=test-data/test-results.xml
+  PYTEST_ADDOPTS: -v --color=yes --junitxml=test-data/test-results.xml
   DEPENDENCIES_VERSION: "latest" # |"pre-release" | "minimum-version"
   TEST_TYPE: "standard" # | "coverage"
 

benchmarks/benchmarks/anndata.py

@@ -15,8 +15,14 @@ def track_peakmem_garbage_collection(self, *_):
         def display_top(snapshot, key_type="lineno"):
             snapshot = snapshot.filter_traces(
                 (
-                    tracemalloc.Filter(False, "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>"),
-                    tracemalloc.Filter(False, "<unknown>"),
+                    tracemalloc.Filter(
+                        inclusive=False,
+                        filename_pattern="<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",
+                    ),
+                    tracemalloc.Filter(
+                        inclusive=False,
+                        filename_pattern="<unknown>",
+                    ),
                 )
             )
             top_stats = snapshot.statistics(key_type)

docs/conf.py

@@ -73,9 +73,10 @@
 # Generate the API documentation when building
 autosummary_generate = True
 autodoc_member_order = "bysource"
+autodoc_mock_imports = ["torch"]
+# autodoc_default_flags = ['members']
 issues_github_path = "scverse/anndata"
 rtd_links_prefix = PurePosixPath("src")
-# autodoc_default_flags = ['members']
 napoleon_google_docstring = False
 napoleon_numpy_docstring = True
 napoleon_include_init_with_doc = False

docs/extensions/no_skip_abc_members.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def autodoc_skip_member(
     what: Literal["module", "class", "exception", "function", "method", "attribute"],
     name: str,
     obj: object,
-    skip: bool,
+    skip: bool,  # noqa: FBT001
     options: Options,
 ):
     if what == "method" and getattr(obj, "__isabstractmethod__", False):

pyproject.toml

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "packaging>=20.0",
     # array-api-compat 1.5 has https://github.com/scverse/anndata/issues/1410
     "array_api_compat>1.4,!=1.5",
+    "legacy-api-wrap",
 ]
 dynamic = ["version"]
 
@@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ docstring-code-format = true
 select = [
     "E",   # Error detected by Pycodestyle
     "F",   # Errors detected by Pyflakes
+    "FBT", # Boolean positional arguments
     "W",   # Warning detected by Pycodestyle
     "PLW", # Pylint
     "UP",  # pyupgrade
@@ -204,6 +206,7 @@ required-imports = ["from __future__ import annotations"]
 "subprocess.call".msg = "Use `subprocess.run([…])` instead"
 "subprocess.check_call".msg = "Use `subprocess.run([…], check=True)` instead"
 "subprocess.check_output".msg = "Use `subprocess.run([…], check=True, capture_output=True)` instead"
+"legacy_api_wrap.legacy_api".msg = "Use anndata.compat.old_positionals instead"
 [tool.ruff.lint.flake8-type-checking]
 exempt-modules = []
 strict = true

src/anndata/_core/anndata.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 
 from .. import utils
 from .._settings import settings
-from ..compat import DaskArray, SpArray, ZarrArray, _move_adj_mtx
+from ..compat import DaskArray, SpArray, ZarrArray, _move_adj_mtx, old_positionals
 from ..logging import anndata_logger as logger
 from ..utils import (
     axis_len,
@@ -218,12 +218,24 @@ class AnnData(metaclass=utils.DeprecationMixinMeta):
         var={"var_names", "col_names", "index"},
     )
 
+    @old_positionals(
+        "obsm",
+        "varm",
+        "layers",
+        "raw",
+        "dtype",
+        "shape",
+        "filename",
+        "filemode",
+        "asview",
+    )
     def __init__(
         self,
         X: np.ndarray | sparse.spmatrix | pd.DataFrame | None = None,
         obs: pd.DataFrame | Mapping[str, Iterable[Any]] | None = None,
         var: pd.DataFrame | Mapping[str, Iterable[Any]] | None = None,
         uns: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None,
+        *,
         obsm: np.ndarray | Mapping[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = None,
         varm: np.ndarray | Mapping[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = None,
         layers: Mapping[str, np.ndarray | sparse.spmatrix] | None = None,
@@ -233,7 +245,6 @@ def __init__(
         filename: PathLike | None = None,
         filemode: Literal["r", "r+"] | None = None,
         asview: bool = False,
-        *,
         obsp: np.ndarray | Mapping[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = None,
         varp: np.ndarray | Mapping[str, Sequence[Any]] | None = None,
         oidx: Index1D | None = None,
@@ -469,7 +480,10 @@ def _init_as_actual(
         # layers
         self.layers = layers
 
-    def __sizeof__(self, show_stratified=None, with_disk: bool = False) -> int:
+    @old_positionals("show_stratified", "with_disk")
+    def __sizeof__(
+        self, *, show_stratified: bool = False, with_disk: bool = False
+    ) -> int:
         def get_size(X) -> int:
             def cs_to_bytes(X) -> int:
                 return int(X.data.nbytes + X.indptr.nbytes + X.indices.nbytes)
@@ -1248,7 +1262,7 @@ def to_df(self, layer: str | None = None) -> pd.DataFrame:
             X = X.toarray()
         return pd.DataFrame(X, index=self.obs_names, columns=self.var_names)
 
-    def _get_X(self, use_raw=False, layer=None):
+    def _get_X(self, *, use_raw: bool = False, layer: str | None = None):
         """\
         Convenience method for getting expression values
         with common arguments and error handling.
@@ -1332,8 +1346,8 @@ def var_vector(self, k, *, layer: str | None = None) -> np.ndarray:
                 layer = None
         return get_vector(self, k, "var", "obs", layer=layer)
 
-    @utils.deprecated("obs_vector")
-    def _get_obs_array(self, k, use_raw=False, layer=None):
+    @deprecated("obs_vector")
+    def _get_obs_array(self, k, use_raw=False, layer=None):  # noqa: FBT002
         """\
         Get an array from the layer (default layer='X') along the :attr:`obs`
         dimension by first looking up `obs.keys` and then :attr:`obs_names`.
@@ -1343,8 +1357,8 @@ def _get_obs_array(self, k, use_raw=False, layer=None):
         else:
             return self.raw.obs_vector(k)
 
-    @utils.deprecated("var_vector")
-    def _get_var_array(self, k, use_raw=False, layer=None):
+    @deprecated("var_vector")
+    def _get_var_array(self, k, use_raw=False, layer=None):  # noqa: FBT002
         """\
         Get an array from the layer (default layer='X') along the :attr:`var`
         dimension by first looking up `var.keys` and then :attr:`var_names`.
@@ -1383,7 +1397,8 @@ def _mutated_copy(self, **kwargs):
             new["raw"] = self.raw.copy()
         return AnnData(**new)
 
-    def to_memory(self, copy=False) -> AnnData:
+    @old_positionals("copy")
+    def to_memory(self, *, copy: bool = False) -> AnnData:
         """Return a new AnnData object with all backed arrays loaded into memory.
 
         Params
@@ -1414,13 +1429,13 @@ def to_memory(self, copy=False) -> AnnData:
         ]:
             attr = getattr(self, attr_name, None)
             if attr is not None:
-                new[attr_name] = to_memory(attr, copy)
+                new[attr_name] = to_memory(attr, copy=copy)
 
         if self.raw is not None:
             new["raw"] = {
-                "X": to_memory(self.raw.X, copy),
-                "var": to_memory(self.raw.var, copy),
-                "varm": to_memory(self.raw.varm, copy),
+                "X": to_memory(self.raw.X, copy=copy),
+                "var": to_memory(self.raw.var, copy=copy),
+                "varm": to_memory(self.raw.varm, copy=copy),
             }
 
         if self.isbacked:
@@ -1876,7 +1891,8 @@ def write_h5ad(
 
     write = write_h5ad  # a shortcut and backwards compat
 
-    def write_csvs(self, dirname: PathLike, skip_data: bool = True, sep: str = ","):
+    @old_positionals("skip_data", "sep")
+    def write_csvs(self, dirname: PathLike, *, skip_data: bool = True, sep: str = ","):
         """\
         Write annotation to `.csv` files.
 
@@ -1896,7 +1912,8 @@ def write_csvs(self, dirname: PathLike, skip_data: bool = True, sep: str = ","):
 
         write_csvs(dirname, self, skip_data=skip_data, sep=sep)
 
-    def write_loom(self, filename: PathLike, write_obsm_varm: bool = False):
+    @old_positionals("write_obsm_varm")
+    def write_loom(self, filename: PathLike, *, write_obsm_varm: bool = False):
         """\
         Write `.loom`-formatted hdf5 file.
 
@@ -1949,9 +1966,11 @@ def chunked_X(self, chunk_size: int | None = None):
         if start < n:
             yield (self.X[start:n], start, n)
 
+    @old_positionals("replace")
     def chunk_X(
         self,
         select: int | Sequence[int] | np.ndarray = 1000,
+        *,
         replace: bool = True,
     ):
         """\
@@ -2009,7 +2028,7 @@ def _has_X(self) -> bool:
     # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @property
-    @utils.deprecated("is_view")
+    @deprecated("is_view")
     def isview(self):
         return self.is_view
 

src/anndata/_core/file_backing.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
     from os import PathLike
     from typing import Literal
 
+    from .._types import ArrayStorageType
     from . import anndata
 
 
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ def is_open(self) -> bool:
 
 
 @singledispatch
-def to_memory(x, copy=False):
+def to_memory(x, *, copy: bool = False):
     """Permissivley convert objects to in-memory representation.
 
     If they already are in-memory, (or are just unrecognized) pass a copy through.
@@ -131,27 +132,27 @@ def to_memory(x, copy=False):
 
 @to_memory.register(ZarrArray)
 @to_memory.register(h5py.Dataset)
-def _(x, copy=False):
+def _(x: ArrayStorageType, *, copy: bool = False):
     return x[...]
 
 
 @to_memory.register(BaseCompressedSparseDataset)
-def _(x: BaseCompressedSparseDataset, copy=True):
+def _(x: BaseCompressedSparseDataset, *, copy: bool = False):
     return x.to_memory()
 
 
 @to_memory.register(DaskArray)
-def _(x, copy=False):
+def _(x: DaskArray, *, copy: bool = False):
     return x.compute()
 
 
 @to_memory.register(Mapping)
-def _(x: Mapping, copy=False):
+def _(x: Mapping, *, copy: bool = False):
     return {k: to_memory(v, copy=copy) for k, v in x.items()}
 
 
 @to_memory.register(AwkArray)
-def _(x, copy=False):
+def _(x: AwkArray, *, copy: bool = False):
     from copy import copy as _copy
 
     if copy:

src/anndata/_core/merge.py

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ def equal_awkward(a, b) -> bool:
     return ak.almost_equal(a, b)
 
 
-def as_sparse(x, use_sparse_array=False):
+def as_sparse(x, *, use_sparse_array=False):
     if not isinstance(x, sparse.spmatrix | SpArray):
         if CAN_USE_SPARSE_ARRAY and use_sparse_array:
             return sparse.csr_array(x)

src/anndata/_io/specs/methods.py

@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ def read_series(dataset: h5py.Dataset) -> np.ndarray | pd.Categorical:
             parent = dataset.parent
         categories_dset = parent[_read_attr(dataset.attrs, "categories")]
         categories = read_elem(categories_dset)
-        ordered = bool(_read_attr(categories_dset.attrs, "ordered", False))
+        ordered = bool(_read_attr(categories_dset.attrs, "ordered", default=False))
         return pd.Categorical.from_codes(
             read_elem(dataset), categories, ordered=ordered
         )

src/anndata/_io/write.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 from scipy.sparse import issparse
 
 from .._warnings import WriteWarning
+from ..compat import old_positionals
 from ..logging import get_logger
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -21,8 +22,9 @@
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 
+@old_positionals("skip_data", "sep")
 def write_csvs(
-    dirname: PathLike, adata: AnnData, skip_data: bool = True, sep: str = ","
+    dirname: PathLike, adata: AnnData, *, skip_data: bool = True, sep: str = ","
 ):
     """See :meth:`~anndata.AnnData.write_csvs`."""
     dirname = Path(dirname)
@@ -75,7 +77,8 @@ def write_csvs(
         )
 
 
-def write_loom(filename: PathLike, adata: AnnData, write_obsm_varm: bool = False):
+@old_positionals("write_obsm_varm")
+def write_loom(filename: PathLike, adata: AnnData, *, write_obsm_varm: bool = False):
     filename = Path(filename)
     row_attrs = {k: np.array(v) for k, v in adata.var.to_dict("list").items()}
     row_names = adata.var_names

src/anndata/compat/__init__.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from functools import singledispatch, wraps
+from functools import partial, singledispatch, wraps
 from importlib.util import find_spec
 from inspect import Parameter, signature
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -165,6 +165,16 @@ def __repr__():
             return "mock cupy.ndarray"
 
 
+if find_spec("legacy_api_wrap") or TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from legacy_api_wrap import legacy_api  # noqa: TID251
+
+    old_positionals = partial(legacy_api, category=FutureWarning)
+else:
+
+    def old_positionals(*old_positionals):
+        return lambda func: func
+
+
 #############################
 # IO helpers
 #############################
@@ -231,7 +241,7 @@ def _from_fixed_length_strings(value):
 
 
 def _decode_structured_array(
-    arr: np.ndarray, dtype: np.dtype | None = None, copy: bool = False
+    arr: np.ndarray, *, dtype: np.dtype | None = None, copy: bool = False
 ) -> np.ndarray:
     """
     h5py 3.0 now reads all strings as bytes. There is a helper method which can convert these to strings,