accounting of emissions of natural gas vehicles in transport

[fschreyer]

Purpose of this PR

This adds an emissions factor to fossil gas in transport and accounts the resulting emissions.

I stumbled across this when I checked how deep REMIND can reduce fossil energy. Seems like we forgot about this when we moved to edge_esm realization (as fegat did not exist in complex)?

Type of change

• Bug fix

Checklist:

• My code follows the coding etiquette
• I performed a self-review of my own code
• I explained my changes within the PR, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I checked that the in-code documentation is up-to-date
• All automated model tests pass (FAIL 0 in the output of make test) (did not pass due to infes in quick mode, fine for now but communicated to RSE)
• The changelog CHANGELOG.md has been updated correctly

Further information (optional):

• Test runs are here:

/p/tmp/schreyer/Modeling/remind/Current/output/Npi_fegatfix_2023-09-19_10.59.46

PDF: /p/tmp/schreyer/Modeling/remind/Current/compScen-Npi_EmiFegat_Comp-2023-10-09_12.28.18-H12.pdf

Check vm_emiTeDetailMkt entry for tdfosgat technology for the corresponding emissions that were zero before.

• Comparison of results (what changes by this PR?):

[orichters]

• We had an issue related to that about fegat transport reporting in remind2: reportPrices reports NA for fegat in transport pik-piam/remind2#405
• Have you checked whether the reporting works fine?

[fschreyer]

Have you checked whether the reporting works fine?

Good question. Emi|CO2|Energy|Demand|Transport|+|Gases has non-zero values now. However, I observe some emissions summations not adding up in the new runs via the checkSummations function which did not occur in the runs before. I will check this before merging.

[fschreyer]

The summation issues were not related to this change. Moreover, there were issues with make test, which got reported to RSE. Globally, the additional emissions in the standard Npi are ~60 MtCO2/yr (<1% of transport) in 2020, ~250 MtCO2/yr (~15% of transport) towards the end of the century. See compare scenario PDF for details above.