[To keep] -- [build] tf upgrade by keeping keras v2

docs/source/using_doctr/using_model_export.rst

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Advantages:
         .. code:: python3
 
             import tensorflow as tf
-            from keras import mixed_precision
+            from tensorflow.keras import mixed_precision
             mixed_precision.set_global_policy('mixed_float16')
             predictor = ocr_predictor(reco_arch="crnn_mobilenet_v3_small", det_arch="linknet_resnet34", pretrained=True)
 

doctr/file_utils.py

@@ -35,6 +35,20 @@
     logging.info("Disabling PyTorch because USE_TF is set")
     _torch_available = False
 
+# Compatibility fix to make sure tensorflow.keras stays at Keras 2
+if "TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS" not in os.environ:
+    os.environ["TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS"] = "1"
+
+elif os.environ["TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS"] != "1":
+    raise ValueError(
+        "docTR is only compatible with Keras 2, but you have explicitly set `TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS` to `0`. "
+    )
+
+
+def ensure_keras_v2() -> None:  # pragma: no cover
+    if not os.environ.get("TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS") == "1":
+        os.environ["TF_USE_LEGACY_KERAS"] = "1"
+
 
 if USE_TF in ENV_VARS_TRUE_AND_AUTO_VALUES and USE_TORCH not in ENV_VARS_TRUE_VALUES:
     _tf_available = importlib.util.find_spec("tensorflow") is not None
@@ -65,6 +79,11 @@
             _tf_available = False
         else:
             logging.info(f"TensorFlow version {_tf_version} available.")
+            ensure_keras_v2()
+            import tensorflow as tf
+
+            # Enable eager execution - this is required for some models to work properly
+            tf.config.run_functions_eagerly(True)
 else:  # pragma: no cover
     logging.info("Disabling Tensorflow because USE_TORCH is set")
     _tf_available = False

doctr/io/image/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras.utils import img_to_array
 from PIL import Image
+from tensorflow.keras.utils import img_to_array
 
 from doctr.utils.common_types import AbstractPath
 

doctr/models/classification/magc_resnet/tensorflow.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import activations, layers
-from keras.models import Sequential
+from tensorflow.keras import activations, layers
+from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/classification/mobilenet/tensorflow.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
-from keras.models import Sequential
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
 
 from ....datasets import VOCABS
 from ...utils import conv_sequence, load_pretrained_params

doctr/models/classification/predictor/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model
+from tensorflow.keras import Model
 
 from doctr.models.preprocessor import PreProcessor
 from doctr.utils.repr import NestedObject

doctr/models/classification/resnet/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@
 from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
-from keras.applications import ResNet50
-from keras.models import Sequential
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras.applications import ResNet50
+from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/classification/textnet/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from copy import deepcopy
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
-from keras import Sequential, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Sequential, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/classification/vgg/tensorflow.py

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 from copy import deepcopy
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
-from keras import layers
-from keras.models import Sequential
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/classification/vit/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Sequential, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Sequential, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 from doctr.models.modules.transformer import EncoderBlock

doctr/models/detection/differentiable_binarization/tensorflow.py

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, Sequential, layers, losses
-from keras.applications import ResNet50
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, Sequential, layers, losses
+from tensorflow.keras.applications import ResNet50
 
 from doctr.file_utils import CLASS_NAME
 from doctr.models.utils import IntermediateLayerGetter, _bf16_to_float32, conv_sequence, load_pretrained_params

doctr/models/detection/fast/tensorflow.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, Sequential, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, Sequential, layers
 
 from doctr.file_utils import CLASS_NAME
 from doctr.models.utils import IntermediateLayerGetter, _bf16_to_float32, load_pretrained_params

doctr/models/detection/linknet/tensorflow.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, Sequential, layers, losses
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, Sequential, layers, losses
 
 from doctr.file_utils import CLASS_NAME
 from doctr.models.classification import resnet18, resnet34, resnet50

doctr/models/detection/predictor/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model
+from tensorflow.keras import Model
 
 from doctr.models.detection._utils import _remove_padding
 from doctr.models.preprocessor import PreProcessor

doctr/models/modules/layers/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
 
 from doctr.utils.repr import NestedObject
 

doctr/models/modules/transformer/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@
 from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
 
 from doctr.utils.repr import NestedObject
 
 __all__ = ["Decoder", "PositionalEncoding", "EncoderBlock", "PositionwiseFeedForward", "MultiHeadAttention"]
 
-tf.config.run_functions_eagerly(True)
-
 
 class PositionalEncoding(layers.Layer, NestedObject):
     """Compute positional encoding"""

doctr/models/modules/vision_transformer/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
 
 from doctr.utils.repr import NestedObject
 

doctr/models/recognition/crnn/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import layers
-from keras.models import Model, Sequential
+from tensorflow.keras import layers
+from tensorflow.keras.models import Model, Sequential
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/recognition/master/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 from doctr.models.classification import magc_resnet31

doctr/models/recognition/parseq/tensorflow.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 from doctr.models.modules.transformer import MultiHeadAttention, PositionwiseFeedForward
@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ def __init__(
 
         self.postprocessor = PARSeqPostProcessor(vocab=self.vocab)
 
-    @tf.function
     def generate_permutations(self, seqlen: tf.Tensor) -> tf.Tensor:
         # Generates permutations of the target sequence.
         # Translated from https://github.com/baudm/parseq/blob/main/strhub/models/parseq/system.py
@@ -214,7 +213,6 @@ def generate_permutations(self, seqlen: tf.Tensor) -> tf.Tensor:
             )
         return combined
 
-    @tf.function
     def generate_permutations_attention_masks(self, permutation: tf.Tensor) -> Tuple[tf.Tensor, tf.Tensor]:
         # Generate source and target mask for the decoder attention.
         sz = permutation.shape[0]
@@ -234,7 +232,6 @@ def generate_permutations_attention_masks(self, permutation: tf.Tensor) -> Tuple
         target_mask = mask[1:, :-1]
         return tf.cast(source_mask, dtype=tf.bool), tf.cast(target_mask, dtype=tf.bool)
 
-    @tf.function
     def decode(
         self,
         target: tf.Tensor,

doctr/models/recognition/sar/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, Sequential, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, Sequential, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 from doctr.utils.repr import NestedObject

doctr/models/recognition/vitstr/tensorflow.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import tensorflow as tf
-from keras import Model, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, layers
 
 from doctr.datasets import VOCABS
 

doctr/models/utils/tensorflow.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 import tensorflow as tf
 import tf2onnx
-from keras import Model, layers
+from tensorflow.keras import Model, layers
 
 from doctr.utils.data import download_from_url
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def conv_sequence(
 ) -> List[layers.Layer]:
     """Builds a convolutional-based layer sequence
 
-    >>> from keras import Sequential
+    >>> from tensorflow.keras import Sequential
     >>> from doctr.models import conv_sequence
     >>> module = Sequential(conv_sequence(32, 'relu', True, kernel_size=3, input_shape=[224, 224, 3]))
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ def conv_sequence(
 class IntermediateLayerGetter(Model):
     """Implements an intermediate layer getter
 
-    >>> from keras.applications import ResNet50
+    >>> from tensorflow.keras.applications import ResNet50
     >>> from doctr.models import IntermediateLayerGetter
     >>> target_layers = ["conv2_block3_out", "conv3_block4_out", "conv4_block6_out", "conv5_block3_out"]
     >>> feat_extractor = IntermediateLayerGetter(ResNet50(include_top=False, pooling=False), target_layers)

doctr/transforms/modules/tensorflow.py

@@ -395,7 +395,6 @@ def __init__(self, kernel_shape: Union[int, Iterable[int]], std: Tuple[float, fl
     def extra_repr(self) -> str:
         return f"kernel_shape={self.kernel_shape}, std={self.std}"
 
-    @tf.function
     def __call__(self, img: tf.Tensor) -> tf.Tensor:
         return tf.squeeze(
             _gaussian_filter(

pyproject.toml

@@ -52,12 +52,10 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 tf = [
-    # cf. https://github.com/mindee/doctr/pull/1182
     # cf. https://github.com/mindee/doctr/pull/1461
-    "tensorflow>=2.11.0,<2.16.0",
+    "tensorflow>=2.15.0,<3.0.0",
+    "tf-keras>=2.15.0,<3.0.0",  # Keep keras 2 compatibility
     "tf2onnx>=1.16.0,<2.0.0",  # cf. https://github.com/onnx/tensorflow-onnx/releases/tag/v1.16.0
-    # TODO: This is a temporary fix until we can upgrade to a newer version of tensorflow
-    "numpy>=1.16.0,<2.0.0",
 ]
 torch = [
     "torch>=1.12.0,<3.0.0",
@@ -98,9 +96,9 @@ docs = [
 ]
 dev = [
     # Tensorflow
-    # cf. https://github.com/mindee/doctr/pull/1182
     # cf. https://github.com/mindee/doctr/pull/1461
-    "tensorflow>=2.11.0,<2.16.0",
+    "tensorflow>=2.15.0,<3.0.0",
+    "tf-keras>=2.15.0,<3.0.0",  # Keep keras 2 compatibility
     "tf2onnx>=1.16.0,<2.0.0",  # cf. https://github.com/onnx/tensorflow-onnx/releases/tag/v1.16.0
     # PyTorch
     "torch>=1.12.0,<3.0.0",

references/classification/README.md

@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ Feel free to inspect the multiple script option to customize your training to yo
 
 Character classification:
 
-```python
+```shell
 python references/classification/train_tensorflow_character.py --help
 ```
 
 Orientation classification:
 
-```python
+```shell
 python references/classification/train_tensorflow_orientation.py --help
 ```

references/classification/latency_tensorflow.py

@@ -9,12 +9,16 @@
 import os
 import time
 
-import numpy as np
-import tensorflow as tf
+from doctr.file_utils import ensure_keras_v2
+
+ensure_keras_v2()
 
 os.environ["USE_TF"] = "1"
 os.environ["TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL"] = "2"
 
+import numpy as np
+import tensorflow as tf
+
 from doctr.models import classification