apacheGH-37779: [Go] Link to the pkg.go.dev site for Go reference docs (

apache#37780)

### Rationale for this change

This change updates the Go `README.md` to point to the latest version of the reference documentation.

### What changes are included in this PR?

The Go `README.md` has been updated with a badge that points to [the v14 version](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14) of the docs.

In addition, the `dev/release/utils-prepare.sh` script has been modified so that the link in the Go `README.md` will be updated when the release version changes.

### Are these changes tested?

I tried running `PREPARE_CHANGELOG=0 ./dev/release/01-prepare.sh 14 15 1`, but I don't have `mvn` installed, so was not able to fully validate the changes.

In the `go` directory, I ran the following and confirmed that the changes looked like what I would expect:
```shell
find . "(" -name "*.go*" -o -name "go.mod" -o -name README.md ")" -exec sed -i.bak -E -e \
    "s|(github\\.com/apache/arrow/go)/v[0-9]+|\1/v15|g" {} \;
```

### Are there any user-facing changes?

Documentation changes only.
* Closes: apache#37779

Lead-authored-by: Tim Schaub <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Matt Topol <[email protected]>

dev/release/post-11-bump-versions-test.rb

@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ def test_version_post_tag
       ]
     end
 
-    Dir.glob("go/**/{go.mod,*.go,*.go.*}") do |path|
+    Dir.glob("go/**/{go.mod,*.go,*.go.*,README.md}") do |path|
       if path == "go/arrow/doc.go"
         expected_changes << {
           path: path,
@@ -253,19 +253,34 @@ def test_version_post_tag
       hunks = []
       if release_type == :major
         lines = File.readlines(path, chomp: true)
-        target_lines = lines.grep(/#{Regexp.escape(import_path)}/)
+        target_lines = lines.each_with_index.select do |line, i|
+          line.include?(import_path)
+        end
         next if target_lines.empty?
-        hunk = []
-        target_lines.each do |line|
-          hunk << "-#{line}"
+        n_context_lines = 3 # The default of Git's diff.context
+        target_hunks = [[target_lines.first[0]]]
+        previous_i = target_lines.first[1]
+        target_lines[1..-1].each do |line, i|
+          if i - previous_i < n_context_lines
+            target_hunks.last << line
+          else
+            target_hunks << [line]
+          end
+          previous_i = i
         end
-        target_lines.each do |line|
-          new_line = line.gsub("v#{@snapshot_major_version}") do
-            "v#{@next_major_version}"
+        target_hunks.each do |lines|
+          hunk = []
+          lines.each do |line,|
+            hunk << "-#{line}"
+          end
+          lines.each do |line|
+            new_line = line.gsub("v#{@snapshot_major_version}") do
+              "v#{@next_major_version}"
+            end
+            hunk << "+#{new_line}"
           end
-          hunk << "+#{new_line}"
+          hunks << hunk
         end
-        hunks << hunk
       end
       if path == "go/parquet/writer_properties.go"
         hunks << [

dev/release/utils-prepare.sh

@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ update_versions() {
   popd
 
   pushd "${ARROW_DIR}/go"
-  find . "(" -name "*.go*" -o -name "go.mod" ")" -exec sed -i.bak -E -e \
-    "s|(github\\.com/apache/arrow/go)/v[0-9]+|\1/v${major_version}|" {} \;
+  find . "(" -name "*.go*" -o -name "go.mod" -o -name README.md ")" -exec sed -i.bak -E -e \
+    "s|(github\\.com/apache/arrow/go)/v[0-9]+|\1/v${major_version}|g" {} \;
   # update parquet writer version
   sed -i.bak -E -e \
     "s/\"parquet-go version .+\"/\"parquet-go version ${version}\"/" \

go/README.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 Apache Arrow for Go
 ===================
 
-[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow)
+[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14)
 
 [Apache Arrow][arrow] is a cross-language development platform for in-memory
 data. It specifies a standardized language-independent columnar memory format

go/arrow/flight/flightsql/driver/README.md

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ connection pooling, transactions combined with ease of use (see (#usage)).
 ## Prerequisites
 
 * Go 1.17+
-* Installation via `go get -u github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12/arrow/flight/flightsql`
+* Installation via `go get -u github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14/arrow/flight/flightsql`
 * Backend speaking FlightSQL
 
 ---------------------------------------
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ import (
     "database/sql"
     "time"
 
-    _ "github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12/arrow/flight/flightsql"
+    _ "github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14/arrow/flight/flightsql"
 )
 
 // Open the connection to an SQLite backend
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ import (
     "log"
     "time"
 
-    "github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12/arrow/flight/flightsql"
+    "github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14/arrow/flight/flightsql"
 )
 
 func main() {