GH-43114: [Archery][Dev] Support setuptools-scm >= 8.0.0 (#43156)

### Rationale for this change

The update to `setuptools-scm` version 8.0.0 or higher ensures compatibility for Archery.

### What changes are included in this PR?

- Added `Configuration` objects to handle necessary parameters (`get_describe_command`)
- Fixed the `parse_git_version` function to align with the new version of `setuptools_scm`
- Updated `setuptools_scm` requirement to version 8.0.0 or higher

### Are these changes tested?

Yes, tested by CI.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

* GitHub Issue: #43114

Authored-by: Hyunseok Seo <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <[email protected]>

dev/archery/archery/crossbow/core.py

@@ -746,12 +746,19 @@ def get_version(root, **kwargs):
     subprojects, e.g. apache-arrow-js-XXX tags.
     """
     from setuptools_scm.git import parse as parse_git_version
+    from setuptools_scm import Configuration
 
     # query the calculated version based on the git tags
     kwargs['describe_command'] = (
         'git describe --dirty --tags --long --match "apache-arrow-[0-9]*.*"'
     )
-    version = parse_git_version(root, **kwargs)
+
+    # Create a Configuration object with necessary parameters
+    config = Configuration(
+        git_describe_command=kwargs['describe_command']
+    )
+
+    version = parse_git_version(root, config=config, **kwargs)
     tag = str(version.tag)
 
     # We may get a development tag for the next version, such as "5.0.0.dev0",

dev/archery/setup.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 extras = {
     'benchmark': ['pandas'],
     'crossbow': ['github3.py', jinja_req, 'pygit2>=1.14.0', 'requests',
-                 'ruamel.yaml', 'setuptools_scm<8.0.0'],
+                 'ruamel.yaml', 'setuptools_scm>=8.0.0'],
     'crossbow-upload': ['github3.py', jinja_req, 'ruamel.yaml',
                         'setuptools_scm'],
     'docker': ['ruamel.yaml', 'python-dotenv'],