fix(c/driver/postgresql): Improve error reporting for queries that er… #407

Job	Run time
check (macOS, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	1m 31s
check (macOS, adbcflightsql) / r-check	2m 41s
check (macOS, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	1m 36s
check (macOS, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	2m 16s
check (macOS, adbcsqlite) / r-check	2m 30s
check (ubuntu, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	2m 22s
check (ubuntu, adbcflightsql) / r-check	3m 27s
check (ubuntu, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	2m 45s
check (ubuntu, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	3m 12s
check (ubuntu, adbcsqlite) / r-check	2m 19s
check (windows, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	3m 24s
check (windows, adbcflightsql) / r-check	4m 57s
check (windows, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	4m 40s
check (windows, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	6m 15s
check (windows, adbcsqlite) / r-check	3m 57s
	47m 52s

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