diff --git a/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/__tests__/toSanityMutations.test.ts b/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/__tests__/toSanityMutations.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..11f10778ae6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/__tests__/toSanityMutations.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import arrify from 'arrify'
+import {SanityEncoder} from '@bjoerge/mutiny'
+import {toSanityMutations, TransactionPayload} from '../toSanityMutations'
+import {Mutation, Transaction} from '../../../mutations'
+
+jest.mock('@bjoerge/mutiny', () => {
+  const actual = jest.requireActual('@bjoerge/mutiny')
+  return {
+    ...actual,
+    SanityEncoder: {
+      encode: jest.fn().mockImplementation(actual.SanityEncoder.encode),
+    },
+  }
+})
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  jest.clearAllMocks()
+})
+
+describe('#toSanityMutations', () => {
+  it('should handle single mutation', async () => {
+    const mockMutation: Mutation = {
+      type: 'patch',
+      id: 'drafts.f9b1dc7a-9dd6-4949-8292-9738bf9e2969',
+      patches: [{path: ['prependTest'], op: {type: 'setIfMissing', value: []}}],
+    }
+
+    const mockMutationIterable = async function* () {
+      yield mockMutation
+    }
+
+    const iterable = toSanityMutations(mockMutationIterable())
+
+    const result = []
+    for await (const mutation of iterable) {
+      result.push(mutation)
+    }
+
+    expect(result.flat()).toEqual(SanityEncoder.encode([mockMutation] as any))
+    expect(SanityEncoder.encode).toHaveBeenCalledWith([mockMutation])
+  })
+
+  it('should handle multiple mutations', async () => {
+    const mockMutations: Mutation[] = [
+      {
+        type: 'patch',
+        id: 'drafts.f9b1dc7a-9dd6-4949-8292-9738bf9e2969',
+        patches: [{path: ['prependTest'], op: {type: 'setIfMissing', value: []}}],
+      },
+      {
+        type: 'patch',
+        id: 'drafts.f9b1dc7a-9dd6-4949-8292-9738bf9e2969',
+        patches: [
+          {
+            path: ['prependTest'],
+            op: {
+              type: 'insert',
+              referenceItem: 0,
+              position: 'before',
+              items: [{_type: 'oops', name: 'test'}],
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+    ]
+
+    const mockMutationIterable = async function* () {
+      yield mockMutations
+    }
+
+    const iterable = toSanityMutations(mockMutationIterable())
+
+    const result = []
+    for await (const mutation of iterable) {
+      result.push(mutation)
+    }
+
+    expect(result.flat()).toEqual(SanityEncoder.encode(mockMutations as any))
+    expect(SanityEncoder.encode).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockMutations)
+  })
+
+  it('should handle transaction', async () => {
+    const mockTransaction: Transaction = {
+      type: 'transaction',
+      id: 'transaction1',
+      mutations: [
+        {
+          type: 'patch',
+          id: 'drafts.f9b1dc7a-9dd6-4949-8292-9738bf9e2969',
+          patches: [{path: ['prependTest'], op: {type: 'setIfMissing', value: []}}],
+        },
+      ],
+    }
+
+    const iterable = toSanityMutations(
+      (async function* () {
+        yield mockTransaction
+      })(),
+    )
+
+    const result = []
+    for await (const mutation of iterable) {
+      result.push(mutation)
+    }
+
+    const expected: TransactionPayload = {
+      transactionId: mockTransaction.id,
+      mutations: SanityEncoder.encode(mockTransaction.mutations as any),
+    }
+
+    expect(result).toEqual([expected])
+    expect(SanityEncoder.encode).toHaveBeenCalledWith(mockTransaction.mutations)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/toSanityMutations.ts b/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/toSanityMutations.ts
index 9cd56b7d2375..6278daac5599 100644
--- a/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/toSanityMutations.ts
+++ b/packages/@sanity/migrate/src/runner/utils/toSanityMutations.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ export async function* toSanityMutations(
         }
         continue
       }
-      yield SanityEncoder.encode(mutation as any[]) as SanityMutation[]
+
+      yield SanityEncoder.encode(arrify(mut) as any[]) as SanityMutation[]
     }
   }
 }