diff --git a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go
index 82a8571e88d..ac9dda5cbad 100644
--- a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go
+++ b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go
@@ -42,6 +42,17 @@ type Builder[N int64 | float64] struct {
 	Filter attribute.Filter
 }
 
+func (b Builder[N]) filter(f Measure[N]) Measure[N] {
+	if b.Filter != nil {
+		fltr := b.Filter // Copy to make it immutable after assignment.
+		return func(ctx context.Context, n N, a attribute.Set) {
+			fAttr, _ := a.Filter(fltr)
+			f(ctx, n, fAttr)
+		}
+	}
+	return f
+}
+
 func (b Builder[N]) input(agg aggregator[N]) Measure[N] {
 	if b.Filter != nil {
 		fltr := b.Filter // Copy to make it immutable after assignment.
@@ -63,11 +74,13 @@ func (b Builder[N]) LastValue() (Measure[N], ComputeAggregation) {
 	// a last-value aggregate.
 	lv := newLastValue[N]()
 
-	return b.input(lv), func(dest *metricdata.Aggregation) int {
-		// TODO (#4220): optimize memory reuse here.
-		*dest = lv.Aggregation()
-
+	return b.filter(lv.measure), func(dest *metricdata.Aggregation) int {
+		// Ignore if dest is not a metricdata.Gauge. The chance for memory
+		// reuse of the DataPoints is missed (better luck next time).
 		gData, _ := (*dest).(metricdata.Gauge[N])
+		lv.computeAggregation(&gData.DataPoints)
+		*dest = gData
+
 		return len(gData.DataPoints)
 	}
 }
@@ -129,3 +142,12 @@ func (b Builder[N]) ExplicitBucketHistogram(cfg aggregation.ExplicitBucketHistog
 		return len(hData.DataPoints)
 	}
 }
+
+// reset ensures s has capacity and sets it length. If the capacity of s too
+// small, a new slice is returned with the specified capacity and length.
+func reset[T any](s []T, length, capacity int) []T {
+	if cap(s) < capacity {
+		return make([]T, length, capacity)
+	}
+	return s[:length]
+}
diff --git a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate_test.go b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate_test.go
index 09c92ab9a28..76ba3a26eaf 100644
--- a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate_test.go
+++ b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate_test.go
@@ -16,25 +16,43 @@ package aggregate // import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/internal/aggreg
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata/metricdatatest"
 )
 
 var (
-	keyUser   = "user"
-	userAlice = attribute.String(keyUser, "Alice")
-	adminTrue = attribute.Bool("admin", true)
+	keyUser    = "user"
+	userAlice  = attribute.String(keyUser, "Alice")
+	userBob    = attribute.String(keyUser, "Bob")
+	adminTrue  = attribute.Bool("admin", true)
+	adminFalse = attribute.Bool("admin", false)
 
 	alice = attribute.NewSet(userAlice, adminTrue)
+	bob   = attribute.NewSet(userBob, adminFalse)
 
 	// Filtered.
 	attrFltr = func(kv attribute.KeyValue) bool {
 		return kv.Key == attribute.Key(keyUser)
 	}
 	fltrAlice = attribute.NewSet(userAlice)
+	fltrBob   = attribute.NewSet(userBob)
+
+	// Sat Jan 01 2000 00:00:00 GMT+0000.
+	staticTime    = time.Unix(946684800, 0)
+	staticNowFunc = func() time.Time { return staticTime }
+	// Pass to t.Cleanup to override the now function with staticNowFunc and
+	// revert once the test completes. E.g. t.Cleanup(mockTime(now)).
+	mockTime = func(orig func() time.Time) (cleanup func()) {
+		now = staticNowFunc
+		return func() { now = orig }
+	}
 )
 
 type inputTester[N int64 | float64] struct {
@@ -73,3 +91,92 @@ func testBuilderInput[N int64 | float64]() func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("Filter", run(Builder[N]{Filter: attrFltr}, fltrAlice))
 	}
 }
+
+type arg[N int64 | float64] struct {
+	ctx context.Context
+
+	value N
+	attr  attribute.Set
+}
+
+type output struct {
+	n   int
+	agg metricdata.Aggregation
+}
+
+type teststep[N int64 | float64] struct {
+	input  []arg[N]
+	expect output
+}
+
+func test[N int64 | float64](meas Measure[N], comp ComputeAggregation, steps []teststep[N]) func(*testing.T) {
+	return func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Helper()
+
+		got := new(metricdata.Aggregation)
+		for i, step := range steps {
+			for _, args := range step.input {
+				meas(args.ctx, args.value, args.attr)
+			}
+
+			t.Logf("step: %d", i)
+			assert.Equal(t, step.expect.n, comp(got), "incorrect data size")
+			metricdatatest.AssertAggregationsEqual(t, step.expect.agg, *got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func benchmarkAggregate[N int64 | float64](factory func() (Measure[N], ComputeAggregation)) func(*testing.B) {
+	counts := []int{1, 10, 100}
+	return func(b *testing.B) {
+		for _, n := range counts {
+			b.Run(strconv.Itoa(n), func(b *testing.B) {
+				benchmarkAggregateN(b, factory, n)
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var bmarkRes metricdata.Aggregation
+
+func benchmarkAggregateN[N int64 | float64](b *testing.B, factory func() (Measure[N], ComputeAggregation), count int) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	attrs := make([]attribute.Set, count)
+	for i := range attrs {
+		attrs[i] = attribute.NewSet(attribute.Int("value", i))
+	}
+
+	b.Run("Measure", func(b *testing.B) {
+		got := &bmarkRes
+		meas, comp := factory()
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+
+		for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
+			for _, attr := range attrs {
+				meas(ctx, 1, attr)
+			}
+		}
+
+		comp(got)
+	})
+
+	b.Run("ComputeAggregation", func(b *testing.B) {
+		comps := make([]ComputeAggregation, b.N)
+		for n := range comps {
+			meas, comp := factory()
+			for _, attr := range attrs {
+				meas(ctx, 1, attr)
+			}
+			comps[n] = comp
+		}
+
+		got := &bmarkRes
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+
+		for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
+			comps[n](got)
+		}
+	})
+}
diff --git a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregator_test.go b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregator_test.go
index 4f322694729..80882c7d641 100644
--- a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregator_test.go
+++ b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregator_test.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 
@@ -33,20 +32,7 @@ const (
 	defaultCycles       = 3
 )
 
-var (
-	bob   = attribute.NewSet(attribute.String(keyUser, "bob"), attribute.Bool("admin", false))
-	carol = attribute.NewSet(attribute.String(keyUser, "carol"), attribute.Bool("admin", false))
-
-	// Sat Jan 01 2000 00:00:00 GMT+0000.
-	staticTime    = time.Unix(946684800, 0)
-	staticNowFunc = func() time.Time { return staticTime }
-	// Pass to t.Cleanup to override the now function with staticNowFunc and
-	// revert once the test completes. E.g. t.Cleanup(mockTime(now)).
-	mockTime = func(orig func() time.Time) (cleanup func()) {
-		now = staticNowFunc
-		return func() { now = orig }
-	}
-)
+var carol = attribute.NewSet(attribute.String("user", "carol"), attribute.Bool("admin", false))
 
 func monoIncr[N int64 | float64]() setMap[N] {
 	return setMap[N]{alice: 1, bob: 10, carol: 2}
diff --git a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue.go b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue.go
index 7a8e7d3b956..6af2d606141 100644
--- a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue.go
+++ b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue.go
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 package aggregate // import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate"
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -28,6 +29,10 @@ type datapoint[N int64 | float64] struct {
 	value     N
 }
 
+func newLastValue[N int64 | float64]() *lastValue[N] {
+	return &lastValue[N]{values: make(map[attribute.Set]datapoint[N])}
+}
+
 // lastValue summarizes a set of measurements as the last one made.
 type lastValue[N int64 | float64] struct {
 	sync.Mutex
@@ -35,40 +40,29 @@ type lastValue[N int64 | float64] struct {
 	values map[attribute.Set]datapoint[N]
 }
 
-// newLastValue returns an Aggregator that summarizes a set of measurements as
-// the last one made.
-func newLastValue[N int64 | float64]() aggregator[N] {
-	return &lastValue[N]{values: make(map[attribute.Set]datapoint[N])}
-}
-
-func (s *lastValue[N]) Aggregate(value N, attr attribute.Set) {
+func (s *lastValue[N]) measure(ctx context.Context, value N, attr attribute.Set) {
 	d := datapoint[N]{timestamp: now(), value: value}
 	s.Lock()
 	s.values[attr] = d
 	s.Unlock()
 }
 
-func (s *lastValue[N]) Aggregation() metricdata.Aggregation {
+func (s *lastValue[N]) computeAggregation(dest *[]metricdata.DataPoint[N]) {
 	s.Lock()
 	defer s.Unlock()
 
-	if len(s.values) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
+	n := len(s.values)
+	*dest = reset(*dest, n, n)
 
-	gauge := metricdata.Gauge[N]{
-		DataPoints: make([]metricdata.DataPoint[N], 0, len(s.values)),
-	}
+	var i int
 	for a, v := range s.values {
-		gauge.DataPoints = append(gauge.DataPoints, metricdata.DataPoint[N]{
-			Attributes: a,
-			// The event time is the only meaningful timestamp, StartTime is
-			// ignored.
-			Time:  v.timestamp,
-			Value: v.value,
-		})
+		(*dest)[i].Attributes = a
+		// The event time is the only meaningful timestamp, StartTime is
+		// ignored.
+		(*dest)[i].Time = v.timestamp
+		(*dest)[i].Value = v.value
 		// Do not report stale values.
 		delete(s.values, a)
+		i++
 	}
-	return gauge
 }
diff --git a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue_test.go b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue_test.go
index caf0735ba26..c758eb370c7 100644
--- a/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue_test.go
+++ b/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/lastvalue_test.go
@@ -15,12 +15,10 @@
 package aggregate // import "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/internal/aggregate"
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata/metricdatatest"
 )
 
 func TestLastValue(t *testing.T) {
@@ -31,66 +29,69 @@ func TestLastValue(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func testLastValue[N int64 | float64]() func(*testing.T) {
-	tester := &aggregatorTester[N]{
-		GoroutineN:   defaultGoroutines,
-		MeasurementN: defaultMeasurements,
-		CycleN:       defaultCycles,
-	}
-
-	eFunc := func(increments setMap[N]) expectFunc {
-		data := make([]metricdata.DataPoint[N], 0, len(increments))
-		for a, v := range increments {
-			point := metricdata.DataPoint[N]{Attributes: a, Time: now(), Value: N(v)}
-			data = append(data, point)
-		}
-		gauge := metricdata.Gauge[N]{DataPoints: data}
-		return func(int) metricdata.Aggregation { return gauge }
-	}
-	incr := monoIncr[N]()
-	return tester.Run(newLastValue[N](), incr, eFunc(incr))
-}
-
-func testLastValueReset[N int64 | float64](t *testing.T) {
-	t.Cleanup(mockTime(now))
-
-	a := newLastValue[N]()
-	assert.Nil(t, a.Aggregation())
-
-	a.Aggregate(1, alice)
-	expect := metricdata.Gauge[N]{
-		DataPoints: []metricdata.DataPoint[N]{{
-			Attributes: alice,
-			Time:       now(),
-			Value:      1,
-		}},
-	}
-	metricdatatest.AssertAggregationsEqual(t, expect, a.Aggregation())
-
-	// The attr set should be forgotten once Aggregations is called.
-	expect.DataPoints = nil
-	assert.Nil(t, a.Aggregation())
-
-	// Aggregating another set should not affect the original (alice).
-	a.Aggregate(1, bob)
-	expect.DataPoints = []metricdata.DataPoint[N]{{
-		Attributes: bob,
-		Time:       now(),
-		Value:      1,
-	}}
-	metricdatatest.AssertAggregationsEqual(t, expect, a.Aggregation())
-}
-
-func TestLastValueReset(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("Int64", testLastValueReset[int64])
-	t.Run("Float64", testLastValueReset[float64])
-}
-
-func TestEmptyLastValueNilAggregation(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Nil(t, newLastValue[int64]().Aggregation())
-	assert.Nil(t, newLastValue[float64]().Aggregation())
+	in, out := Builder[N]{Filter: attrFltr}.LastValue()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	return test[N](in, out, []teststep[N]{
+		{
+			// Empty output if nothing is measured.
+			input:  []arg[N]{},
+			expect: output{n: 0, agg: metricdata.Gauge[N]{}},
+		}, {
+			input: []arg[N]{
+				{ctx, 1, alice},
+				{ctx, -1, bob},
+				{ctx, 1, fltrAlice},
+				{ctx, 2, alice},
+				{ctx, -10, bob},
+			},
+			expect: output{
+				n: 2,
+				agg: metricdata.Gauge[N]{
+					DataPoints: []metricdata.DataPoint[N]{
+						{
+							Attributes: fltrAlice,
+							Time:       staticTime,
+							Value:      2,
+						},
+						{
+							Attributes: fltrBob,
+							Time:       staticTime,
+							Value:      -10,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		}, {
+			// Everything resets, do not report old measurements.
+			input:  []arg[N]{},
+			expect: output{n: 0, agg: metricdata.Gauge[N]{}},
+		}, {
+			input: []arg[N]{
+				{ctx, 10, alice},
+				{ctx, 3, bob},
+			},
+			expect: output{
+				n: 2,
+				agg: metricdata.Gauge[N]{
+					DataPoints: []metricdata.DataPoint[N]{
+						{
+							Attributes: fltrAlice,
+							Time:       staticTime,
+							Value:      10,
+						},
+						{
+							Attributes: fltrBob,
+							Time:       staticTime,
+							Value:      3,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
 }
 
 func BenchmarkLastValue(b *testing.B) {
-	b.Run("Int64", benchmarkAggregator(newLastValue[int64]))
-	b.Run("Float64", benchmarkAggregator(newLastValue[float64]))
+	b.Run("Int64", benchmarkAggregate(Builder[int64]{}.LastValue))
+	b.Run("Float64", benchmarkAggregate(Builder[float64]{}.LastValue))
 }