en_dimlex.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dimlex>
  <entry id="1" word="once">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="1o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">ONCE</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="1o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Once</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="1o3" type="cont">
        <part type="single">once</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Once there, what ways of escape are open to them other than drink, drugs or insanity</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>and viewership on CBS picks up again once "Teddy Z" is over and is followed by "Designing Women</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Normally, once the underlying investment is suspended from trading, the options on those investments also don't trade</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="38"/>
        <example>Once we see an order, we expect it'll be on line by 2000</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Once both sides feel comfortable, it should be that much easier to make more progress toward the economic and social reforms that are now starting in the East</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Once the stock price is less than the exercise price, or "strike price," of the put, the gain will match the loss on the stock dollar for dollar</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="84" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="38"/>
        <example>once it gets there, a company can do with it what it wishes</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="2" word="although">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="2o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">although</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="2o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Although</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="16"/>
        <example>Mr. Morishita's main business certainly appears to be thriving, although he won't disclose numbers</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Expansion.Exception" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Although the Treasury will announce details of the November refunding tomorrow, it could be delayed if Congress and President Bush fail to increase the Treasury's borrowing capacity</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Worth watching, although the music has lasted better than the plot or the humor</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="34"/>
        <example>He doesn't fully succeed, although Mr. Straszheim lists an array of interest-rate scenarios</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>Although viewership soars when big news breaks, it ebbs during periods of calm</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="21"/>
        <example>Ms. Levine had never been fired, although she had stopped working at the restaurant</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="114"/>
        <example>And Beauregard was mentioned twice -- although very briefly and in passing</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="328" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="132"/>
        <example>Although started in 1965, Wedtech didn't really get rolling until 1975</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="3" word="though">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="3o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Though</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="3o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">though</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>But even though companies are paying more taxes, many are still paying less than the statutory rate</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>teachers for the most part teach in English, even though it is a foreign language for most Philippine children</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>and nuclear power (even though it would counteract the greenhouse effect</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>resulting in a two-year plan to reduce the deficit by more than $76 billion -- even though the deficit actually rose by nearly $12 billion during that period</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="15"/>
        <example>I'm more favorably impressed by "no-load life," even though it turns out to be low-load life</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="52"/>
        <example>that hung over parts of the factory, even though exhaust fans ventilated the area</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="15"/>
        <example>Giuliani has always been pro-choice, even though he has personal reservations</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>NNP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>Though Charisma's sales are up slightly this year, Mr. Harty says profits will be flat or lower</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Though Mrs. Thatcher doesn't need to call an election until June 1992, she would prefer doing so in late 1991</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Though Ms. Volokh is a small woman, she has an outsized personality and dramatic flair that seem perfectly suited to capitalism as it is practiced in Hollywood</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Though the Cubs' championship season ended with the National League playoffs, a revival of the Organic Theater's production of "Bleacher Bums," a play in nine innings set in the Wrigley Field bleachers, continues within spitting distance of the ballpark</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>The response rate, more than 63%, allows the results to be interpreted with a high degree of confidence. The results can't be extrapolated to all investors, though</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Japanese auto makers are known for coming up with funny names, but this year the practice seems to have reached a new high -- or low. Honda has a tiny motorcycle called the Monkey, and a slightly larger cousin, the Gorilla. Mitsubishi has a futuristic delivery truck called the Guppy. Mazda has the Bongo truck and, under its Autozam nameplate, a "microvan" called the Scrum. Its buglike Carol minicar is "designed with softness, gentleness and warmheartedness."  But the court jester appears to be Japan's smallest car maker, Daihatsu Motor Co. One of its futuristic concepts is the bubblelike Sneaker, which seats just one person in front and could hold a small child and bag of groceries in the rear. Daihatsu also has the Fellow 90, the Leeza Spider and the Hijet Dumbo.  The jokes aren't just on the Japanese, though</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>to retire next year -- though not necessarily to end his influence</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The BPCA called its team a "stunning" collaboration.  After four years, though, the South Gardens design is 100% uncollaborated Jennifer Bartlett</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>the final agreement could be announced as early as tomorrow. An announcement is more likely next week, though</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="33"/>
        <example>The proposal to sell directly to the public remains mired in bureaucratic quicksand.  Lloyd's is moving forward on some fronts, though</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that the number of magazine entrepreneurs, traditionally depended upon to break new ground with potentially risky start-ups, are dwindling. More than ever, independent magazines and small publishing groups are being gobbled up by larger publishing groups, such as American Express Publishing Corp., a unit of American Express Co., and Conde Nast Publications Inc., a unit of Advance Publications Inc., which are consolidating in order to gain leverage with advertisers.  Some entrepreneurs are still active, though</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>Though direct mail to businesses isn't broken out separately, the association says it's growing even faster</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="53"/>
        <example>Though hoping to settle the case, Justin vows to fight on, if necessary</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="26"/>
        <example>that the nation's export growth, though still continuing, may be slowing</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="42"/>
        <example>Though imports were troublesome, they weren't running away with the market</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="320" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="16"/>
        <example>The sun is hot now though it's only 8 in the morning</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="4" word="but">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="4o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">but</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="4o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">But</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="262"/>
        <example>I'm a math major, but I want to know about psychobiology</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Faced with a similar situation, Paul Volcker let the dollar soar, (though monetary aggregates also grew so rapidly monetarists issued egg-on-the-face warnings of inflation). But this devastated the U.S. manufacturing sector, laying the seeds of protectionism</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="82"/>
        <example>You don't want the fire but you know what to do</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Expansion.Exception" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>A spokeswoman for the state's Office of Court Administration declined to comment on the suit. But she said the state currently has 35 appointed judges who are over 70</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Paribas still needs the go-ahead from the Commission des Operations de Bourse, a government regulatory agency, but analysts said that is considered likely</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="638"/>
        <example>I won't be throwing 90 mph, but I will throw 80-plus</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>The agency didn't cite specific situations where dual trading might be allowed, but smaller exchanges or contracts that need additional liquidity are expected to be among them</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>What is even more ironic is that all over the world nations are learning that well-intentioned public programs often backfire. But while they are unloading these burdens, the United States is close to creating three more big ones</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="175"/>
        <example>Most bond prices fell, but junk bonds and the dollar rose</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic concession" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Dentsu has U.S. subsidiaries, but they keep low profiles</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="495"/>
        <example>and introduced the pico in 1985, but it hasn't sold well</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen alternative" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>not to milk the cash flow, but because it's a good fit</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>In the beginning, the treasury secretary and the comptroller of the currency were both ex officio members of the Federal Reserve Board. But in 1935, when Congress was trying to find someone or something to blame for the Great Depression, it decided to drop both the secretary and the comptroller from the board</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic contrast" pdtb_freq="16"/>
        <example>It may not be toxic, but we know where one waste dump is</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1609"/>
        <example>We're not making a killing, but we had a good day</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>he hasn't yet studied the Dellums bill, but that requiring a beeping tone on recorders "would be ludicrous</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The irony is that the attack commercial, after getting a boost in last year's presidential campaign, has come of age in an off-off election year with only a few contests scattered across the country.  But in the three leading political contests of 1989, the negative ads have reached new levels of hostility</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3308" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The price wasn't disclosed but one analyst estimated that it was $150 million</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="5" word="because">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="5o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">because</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="5o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Because</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="858" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="73"/>
        <example>I'm for the Giants today, but only because they lost yesterday</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="858" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Implicit assertion" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Just because upscale cosmetics look like packaged goods and smell like packaged goods, it doesn't mean they are packaged goods</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="858" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>but it has not been sufficiently effective, because, unfortunately, it came too late</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="858" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic cause.Justification" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>The dollar has a "natural base of support" around 140 yen because the Japanese currency hasn't been purchased heavily in recent weeks</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="858" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="767"/>
        <example>It's not that we don't know how to, because we do</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>presumably</modifier>
      <modifier>partly</modifier>
      <modifier>in large part</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
      <modifier>largely</modifier>
      <modifier>perhaps</modifier>
      <modifier>merely</modifier>
      <modifier>mainly</modifier>
      <modifier>at least partly</modifier>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
      <modifier>in part</modifier>
      <modifier>simply</modifier>
      <modifier>primarily</modifier>
      <modifier>not only</modifier>
      <modifier>not</modifier>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>apparently</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="6" word="nevertheless">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="6o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Nevertheless</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="6o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">nevertheless</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Senate Democrats who favor cutting the capital-gains tax aren't ready to line up behind the leading Senate proposal.  Their reluctance to support the proposal is another blow to the capital-gains cut, which has had a roller-coaster existence since the beginning of the year, when it was considered dead and then suddenly revived and was passed by the House.  Nevertheless, Oregon Sen. Bob Packwood, the ranking GOP member on the tax-writing Senate Finance Committee, last night introduced his plan as an amendment to a pending measure authorizing U.S. aid for Poland and Hungary</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>No customer is present at the morning package sort, but the process is nevertheless critical to customer satisfaction</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>the ingot price "appears to have bottomed out." He said shipments are continuing at a "healthy" pace and the company has no excess inventory. Aluminum shipments of 329,600 metric tons were nearly equal to the year-earlier period, the company said.  Nevertheless, the company said that in the latest quarter there were increased material and labor costs, including a new employee profit-sharing plan</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic concession" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>At 4 1/2 pounds, it may be too ambitiously named, but it nevertheless opens up the kind of marketing possibilities that make analysts froth</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="19"/>
        <example>The British pound, pressured by last week's resignations of key Thatcher administration officials, nevertheless rose Monday to $1.5820 from Friday's $1.5795</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="44" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>those defenses might well apply to the Bay Bridge collapse. Nevertheless, he adds, "I wouldn't get totally shocked if we get lawsuits out of the Bay Bridge</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="7" word="before">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="7o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Before</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="7o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">before</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="326" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="43"/>
        <example>that a Chilean mine strike may have ended almost before it began</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="326" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The report was the brightest news the financial markets had seen since before the stock market plunged more than 190 points last Friday</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="326" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>In recent months, the technology has become more flexible and able to handle much more volume. Before, callers of 900 numbers would just listen and not talk, or they'd vote "yes" or "no" by calling one of two numbers</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="326" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="13"/>
        <example>You have to have clear feelings about someone before you can make jokes</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="326" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="267"/>
        <example>to fester a full week before Mr. Dinkins faced the media</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>a day or two</modifier>
      <modifier>a week</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
      <modifier>almost</modifier>
      <modifier>just days</modifier>
      <modifier>an average of six months</modifier>
      <modifier>several months</modifier>
      <modifier>two years</modifier>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
      <modifier>since</modifier>
      <modifier>long</modifier>
      <modifier>in the 3 1/2 years</modifier>
      <modifier>fully eight months</modifier>
      <modifier>five minutes</modifier>
      <modifier>about six months</modifier>
      <modifier>two months</modifier>
      <modifier>a full five minutes</modifier>
      <modifier>years</modifier>
      <modifier>shortly</modifier>
      <modifier>a decade</modifier>
      <modifier>two days</modifier>
      <modifier>just eight days</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="8" word="for example">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="8o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">for example</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="8o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">For example</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="196" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="194"/>
        <example>are either too small or too old. In Chicago, for example, size is the issue</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="196" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Individual investors can still get better yields on money funds than on many other short-term instruments. The yield on six-month Treasury bills sold at Monday's auction, for example, was just 7.77%</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="9" word="until">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="9o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Until</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="9o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">until</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>to remain Provigo's chief executive only until the non-food businesses are sold</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The computer would let the machine run just until that order was filled</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="16"/>
        <example>not to reveal details of the agreement until it is completed</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>the amount can't be determined until it knows how many managers opt to retire</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>One had best not dance on top of a coffin until the lid is sealed tightly shut</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>but they didn't boom until the money market fund was created in the 1970s</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="129"/>
        <example>He waits to talk about it until after he gets caught</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="162" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>But my daughter couldn't, until she was too ill to take it</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>at least</modifier>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="10" word="if">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="10o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">If</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="10o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">IF</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="10o3" type="cont">
        <part type="single">if</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that is too strong, even if democratic</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="54"/>
        <example>which occurs even if the drug fails to induce an abortion</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>to plunge certain funds into conservative monetary tools, if only to assuage my father-in-law, who believes in such things</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>President Bush has the power to change how Washington works, if only he will use it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Relevance" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>but that wisdom does not necessarily reflect the view of the cooks, especially if they are senators</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Direct-mail executives see GM's stand as an ominous sign -- even if the junk-mail kings did bring it on themselves</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>Even if you're healthy and can renew, your premium will go up sharply because you're that much older</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal present" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Even if I had a lot of money, I couldn't buy what I need</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal past" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>If only a banker or a lawyer had spoken out years ago, the judicial process wouldn't be under the taint it is today</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>penalty reform is a strong candidate for enactment, even if not this time around</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Even if it's only 1%," says GM's Mr. Barabba, "would you throw away sales the size of Polaroid</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="33"/>
        <example>Even if that deal isn't revived, NBC hopes to find another</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="632"/>
        <example>they can defeat it if it comes to a floor vote</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>But if it was the national disease in 1906, it is today the national commonplace</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Implicit assertion" pdtb_freq="29"/>
        <example>If bringing the message is a crime, I'm guilty of it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="171"/>
        <example>If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>If Mr. Wilbur's translation is a finely ground lens through which we see the pettiness and corruption of 17th-century Paris, Mr. Falls's production is a mirror in which we see ourselves</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal present" pdtb_freq="118"/>
        <example>That would be a huge problem if it were to continue</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal past" pdtb_freq="50"/>
        <example>he might have kept if he had settled with the IRS</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Relevance" pdtb_freq="19"/>
        <example>Will you pour me a drop of water, if you don't mind</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual past" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>If you owned it and liked it Friday, the true value hasn't changed</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="71"/>
        <example>If it's one against 48, I'm very sorry for the 48</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>If all of this seems a little stale, it's redeemed in part by some tricky plot twists</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>If anything, the gyrations in world stock markets -- and in B.A.T's share price -- since last Friday's sharp Wall Street sell-off have increased the likelihood of shareholder approval for the restructuring</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1223" sense="Contingency.Condition" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>that, if damaged, flipped a colon cell into full-blown malignancy</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
      <modifier>typically,</modifier>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="11" word="previously">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="11o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Previously</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="11o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">previously</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="49" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>U.S. Trust recently introduced certain mutual-fund products, which allow it to serve customers with minimum deposits of $250,000. Previously, the company advertised at the $2 million level</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="49" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="47"/>
        <example>Robert P. Tassinari, 63, was named senior vice president of Eastern Utilities. He was previously vice president</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="12" word="when">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="12o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">when</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="12o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">WHEN</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="12o3" type="cont">
        <part type="single">When</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>In addition, IBM's growth in software in the third quarter was just 8.8%, well below historical levels even when adjusted to reflect last year's payment from Fujitsu and the stronger dollar</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>It "is going to sound neat to the dealer except when his 15-day car supply doesn't include the bright red one that the lady wants to buy and she goes up the street to buy one</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>At least when the stakes are high, uncertainty in turn results in overinclusion, as individuals do not dare to approach an uncertain line closely</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>because they sense political tides have turned against arming the Nicaraguan rebels or boosting spending on SDI -- particularly when the public perceives the Soviet threat is declining under Mikhail Gorbachev</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>CDs yielding 40% are even more implausible -- especially when the issuing "bank" in the Marshall Islands is merely a mail drop watched over by a local gas-station operator</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>because traders can buy or sell even when they don't have a customer order in hand</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>Even when I hear it played badly, I'm still humbled by the piece</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>WHADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>that his committee approves covert operations only when there's a "consensus</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Implicit assertion" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>That's a good sign when profits are stable during a time revenue is in the trough</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Return on this fine portfolio has been modest when it has not been negative</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>his lead widens when the candidates are specifically linked to the issue</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>that Navigation Mixte joined Paribas's core of shareholders when Paribas was denationalized in 1987</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="130"/>
        <example>When it goes, you never know when you'll get it back</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="19"/>
        <example>which sometimes results when these problems go untreated for too long</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Why do you maintain the House-passed capital-gains plan is a "temporary" reduction when it is not</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>And, the attorney general added, First Meridian's president, Roger V. Sala, portrayed himself as a "financial expert" when his qualifications largely consisted of a high-school diploma, work as a real-estate and insurance salesman, and a stint as supervisor at a highway toll booth</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Relevance" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>and when the new mainframe does ship, I'm not sure it will be a big winner</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="225"/>
        <example>that when he left baseball in 1978, he "never looked back</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>a modest increase when compared with the sizzling expansion of years past</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>that is, a way of staying liquid even when they own stocks</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>So why does Renaissance's computer like stocks with the Dow at 2653.28, where it closed yesterday, when it didn't with the Dow at 2200</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>to exercise influence when the Senate votes on the impeachment today</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="544"/>
        <example>but when it comes down to it, he can be reasonable</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>WHNP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="989" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>When research projects are curtailed due to government funding cuts, are we "caught with our grants down</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
      <modifier>at least</modifier>
      <modifier>except</modifier>
      <modifier>back</modifier>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
      <modifier>at least not</modifier>
      <modifier>usually</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="13" word="and">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="13o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">And</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="13o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">and</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="210"/>
        <example>He's wise, he's good and I know he's an honest man</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Give me four or five more Series with these guys, and I don't care if I ever win a Cy Young</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="13"/>
        <example>The best baseball teams win six of 10 games and the worst win four of 10</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="2689"/>
        <example>that if I look at it, and I'm not on it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Some shows just don't impress, he says, and this is one of them</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>Auto prices had a big effect in the PPI, and at the CPI level they won't</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="65"/>
        <example>But he wanted to pursue his own dream, and he went</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Such bonds are very sensitive to the downside, and this could be a disaster</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Of the 4,346 issues that changed hands, 1,435 rose and 629 fell</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Even if baseball triggers losses at CBS -- and he doesn't think it will</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Add it all up and it means "that the Fed has a little leeway to ease its credit policy stance without the risk of rekindling inflation</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Wait for the market to bounce back, and sell shares gradually during rallies</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>In fact, there's only one person involved who's happy, and that's Floyd String, president of Coin Wrap and conceiver of the cement-truck solution</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>You go to any medium-sized town in the U.S. and you're going to see H&amp;R Block tax services</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>JJ</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Such individuals, many with young children, are in their prime borrowing years -- and, having borrowed from the bank, they may continue to use it for other services in later years</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>NN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3000" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>what's hot -- and what's not</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="14" word="so">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="14o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">So</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="14o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">so</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="263" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="13"/>
        <example>He doesn't signify what people want, so the unrest will go on</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="263" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="49"/>
        <example>The dollar hasn't reacted much to it, so gold hasn't either</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="263" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="61"/>
        <example>They are angry about the government . . . so they hold back the goods</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="263" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="139"/>
        <example>added to the heavy water so it will conduct a current</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="263" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The packages must be sorted quickly and distributed to smaller vans for delivery, so couriers can be on the road by 8:35</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="15" word="then">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="15o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Then</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="15o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">then</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Remember Pinocchio?" says a female voice. "Consider Jim Courter."  And then this commercial, produced by Bob Squier, gets down to its own mean and dirty business</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>Mr. Maynard's forces finally defeated the measure, though it took a vote on the floor of the House of Representatives to do it. Even then, opponents managed to get a congressional hearing to examine what one congressman called an "unscrupulous" method for breaking eggs</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Supposedly, he proposed the movie to his producer, Claude Berri, in four lines: "An orphan bear cub. A big solitary bear. Two hunters in the forest. The animals' point of view."  But then, even a great many words couldn't summarize the extraordinary pull of this movie about an orphaned bear who adopts a parent</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The antitrust division of the Justice Department is investigating the oddly similar tuition charges and increases among the top schools. Fear of the price police could help cool things off in the 1990s.  And then there's always State U</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Underclass youth are a special concern. Are such expenditures worthwhile, then</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal present" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Were it true that a weak currency paves the way for trade surpluses, then presumably Argentina would be the center of today's global economy</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>they will have to take everything I've got -- and even then I don't know if it will be enough</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="231"/>
        <example>And when they lose, then we can expect China to stop aid</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Last fall, Ford announced it would discontinue the XR4Ti in the U.S. at the end of the 1989 model year. Ford said then it would keep the Scorpio</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>At Jefferies &amp; Co., J. Francis Palamara didn't reach the office until 5:30 a.m., but then he had been up most of the night at home</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="81"/>
        <example>where you have a bidding war and then a veto threat</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>and the label "national service" answers none of them. Then how should we think about national service</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="340" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>To many, it was a ceremony more befitting a king than a rural judge seated in the isolated foothills of the southern Allegheny Mountains. But then Judge O'Kicki often behaved like a man who would be king -- and, some say, an arrogant and abusive one</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="16" word="while">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="16o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">while</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="16o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">While</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>it would receive any profit the unit reports, even while the unit is independent</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>NN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Speculation that the Federal Reserve will lower interest rates in coming weeks helped push the dollar down while boosting stocks</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>as income of black families shot up 6.8% while income of whites didn't budge</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>even if a nurse would wear flowers in her hair while on duty</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="21"/>
        <example>While the theme is compelling, the plot and characters are not</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="54"/>
        <example>The Aga Khan owns 10% of Ifint's capital, while IFI owns 23%</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>In the past year, one inside director resigned, while three others retired</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>While the market expects little reaction from news of U.S. durable goods orders, scheduled for release today, participants note that the figures will probably serve to reinforce this bearish sentiment</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="195"/>
        <example>Stocks also rose in London, while the Frankfurt market was mixed</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="84"/>
        <example>West Germany is a net exporter of capital while the U.S. isn't</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>the LBO phenomenon, (while) it won't stop completely, will be a thing of the past</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="128"/>
        <example>Coal prices, while not skyrocketing, will grow modestly in real terms</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="81"/>
        <example>And while the job is half done, Brooks is still bitter</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="781" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="195"/>
        <example>that stopped a Giant rally while the issue still was in doubt</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="17" word="as long as">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="17o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as long as</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="17o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As long as</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>that U.S. aid to the resistance would continue as long as Soviet aid to Kabul did</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>people will learn to read as long as there are TV program listings</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>but who cares as long as the campaigns work</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>investing in steel as long as it provides a good return and "not a day longer</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>As long as the rival Soviet-backed regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam held a total gridlock over neighboring Ethiopia, the U.S. was forced to accept that lonely Berbera runway as a distant No. 2 to the Soviets' array of airfields next door</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="18" word="however">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="18o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">However</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="18o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">however</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="49"/>
        <example>that Tokyu is talking with Campeau about buying Bloomingdale's. Tokyu, however, said no agreement had been reached</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Market makers in Nasdaq over-the-counter stocks are adding their voices to the swelling chorus of complaints about program trading.  Their motivation, however, has a strong practical aspect: Program trading is hazardous to their paychecks</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>the contract was signed Wednesday in Tokyo with USI Far East officials. Contract details, however, haven't been made public</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="89"/>
        <example>Unilever won't comment; Schering, however, denies the brand is for sale</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="32"/>
        <example>they fell 18% compared with August imports. Southeast Asian crude imports, however, were 3.6% higher than August</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>it reached an agreement in principle with International Business Machines Corp. on a systems operations contract calling for IBM to operate First Tennessee's computer and telecommunications functions.  Further, under the agreement, First Tennesse would continue to develop the software that creates customer products and sevices.  "Because personal computers will soon be on the desks of all of our tellers, and customer service and loan representatives, information will be instantly available to help customers with product decisions and provide them with information about their accounts," according to John Kelley, executive vice president and corporate services group manager at First Tennessee.  However, about 120 employees will be affected by the agreement</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="70"/>
        <example>who now thinks it adds unnecessary volatility. Shearson Lehman, however, executes program trades for clients</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that talk of strike settlements at producing mines has been fully discounted. However, to resume the bull trend, according to Mr. O'Neill, copper would have to close over $1.19</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="234"/>
        <example>but the Comex gain wasn't. However, this was brushed aside by concern over the stock market</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="485" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>it is particularly interested in Tesoro's refinery because it would fill a gap in its business. However, Tesoro, based in Houston, already has rejected a suitor in the past year</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="19" word="also">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="19o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">also</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="19o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Also</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1746" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>Coca-Cola Co. was unchanged at 66 3/4; McDonald's also closed unchanged at 30 1/2</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1746" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1714"/>
        <example>who had done so much, but who was also a manic-depressive</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1746" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Telerate shares fell 50 cents on Friday to close at $20 each in New York Stock Exchange composite trading. Dow Jones shares also fell 50 cents to close at $36.125 in Big Board composite trading</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1746" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>When the economy loses a big portion of its work force that also happens to include its most productive members</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1746" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="20"/>
        <example>to generate enough cash for capital spending and also to pay down debt</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="20" word="after">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="20o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">after</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="20o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">After</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="577" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>it hasn't had any problem recruiting, even after a nurse contracted the virus while injecting an AIDS patient</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="577" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="88"/>
        <example>Acting more than a year after Ms. Bertussi filed a complaint</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="577" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>on whether to strike after a two-year labor pact ends today</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="577" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="477"/>
        <example>which makes a market in UAL after the exchange is closed</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>sometimes</modifier>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>a week</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
      <modifier>three months</modifier>
      <modifier>almost immediately</modifier>
      <modifier>six years</modifier>
      <modifier>soon</modifier>
      <modifier>less than a month</modifier>
      <modifier>years</modifier>
      <modifier>right</modifier>
      <modifier>a few weeks</modifier>
      <modifier>a few months</modifier>
      <modifier>only two weeks</modifier>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
      <modifier>seven years</modifier>
      <modifier>a few hours</modifier>
      <modifier>just minutes</modifier>
      <modifier>a month</modifier>
      <modifier>long</modifier>
      <modifier>about three weeks</modifier>
      <modifier>more than a year</modifier>
      <modifier>only</modifier>
      <modifier>one day</modifier>
      <modifier>eight months</modifier>
      <modifier>in the first 25 minutes</modifier>
      <modifier>within a year</modifier>
      <modifier>nearly a year and a half</modifier>
      <modifier>four days</modifier>
      <modifier>reportedly</modifier>
      <modifier>only three years</modifier>
      <modifier>29 years and 11 months to the day</modifier>
      <modifier>a day</modifier>
      <modifier>five years</modifier>
      <modifier>a year</modifier>
      <modifier>just a month</modifier>
      <modifier>two weeks</modifier>
      <modifier>immediately</modifier>
      <modifier>just five months</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
      <modifier>some time</modifier>
      <modifier>shortly</modifier>
      <modifier>25 years</modifier>
      <modifier>two days</modifier>
      <modifier>about a week</modifier>
      <modifier>months</modifier>
      <modifier>18 months</modifier>
      <modifier>nearly two months</modifier>
      <modifier>within minutes</modifier>
      <modifier>just a day</modifier>
      <modifier>just 15 days</modifier>
      <modifier>minutes</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="21" word="separately">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="21o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Separately</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="21o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">separately</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="74" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Merrill Lynch &amp; Co. recommended program-trading reforms late Friday, including higher margins on stock-index futures and greater regulatory coordination. Separately, Mr. Cayne of Bear Stearns said his firm is working with regulators to balance margin requirements to "enhance stabilization</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="74" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="72"/>
        <example>investor Carl Icahn has recently increased his stake in USX, which separately reported earnings that were in line with expectations</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="74" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Federal National Mortgage Association -- $500 million of Remic mortgage securities being offered in 10 classes by Merrill Lynch Capital Markets. The offering, Series 1989-85, is backed by Fannie Mae 9% securities. Separately, a $400 million issue of Fannie Mae Remic mortgage securities is being offered in 15 classes by Bear, Stearns &amp; Co. The offering, Series 1989-86, is backed by Fannie Mae 9% securities</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="22" word="still">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="22o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">still</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="22o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Still</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>However, unacceptable though those occurrences may have been, they still provide no excuse for wholesale departures from truth</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>It's been a steadily improving relationship," says Mr. Carpenter.  Still, without many actual deals to show off, Kidder is left to stress that it finally has "a team" in place, and that everyone works harder</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="23"/>
        <example>The U.S. can make mistakes and still hope to remove him from power</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>the C$30-a-share bid, which was due to expire Monday, may still be extended or varied</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="79"/>
        <example>that excluding food and energy, the producer price index still increased by 0.7%</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>and after the ambulance left, there were still six people in line waiting for a massage</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="66"/>
        <example>the firm will be able to service debt and still turn a modest profit</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>The software conversion costs would dwarf any savings."  But Mr. Rose is still looking seriously at the 9000</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>in outlawing program trading. Those who still want to do it</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>INTJ</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>It still doesn't look like governments are coughing up everything they know. Still, despite their efforts to convince the world that we are indeed alone, the visitors do seem to keep coming and, like the recent sightings, there's often a detail or two that suggests they may actually be a little on the dumb side</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="190" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The government and the ANC, the bitterest of enemies, are engaged in an elaborate mating dance designed to entice each other to the negotiating table. Pretoria releases the ANC leaders, most of whom were serving life sentences, and allows them to speak freely, hoping that the ANC will abandon its use of violence. The ANC leaders speak in tones of moderation, emphasizing discipline, hoping the government will be encouraged to take further steps, such as freeing Nelson Mandela, the most prominent ANC figure, and unbanning the organization.  The government of President F.W. de Klerk is using this situation to improve its international image and head off further economic sanctions. Meanwhile, the many organizations inside the country that back the ANC are taking the opportunity to regain their strength and mobilize their supporters even though the state of emergency, which has severely curtailed black opposition, remains in force.  The result is that the unthinkable and illogical are happening. Six months ago, government approval for an ANC rally was inconceivable. Equally inconceivable is that the ANC, given the chance to hold a rally, would extend a hand, albeit warily, to the government. In a message read out at the rally, exiled ANC President Oliver Tambo, who can't legally be quoted in South Africa, said the country was at a crossroads and that Mr. de Klerk "may yet earn a place among the peacemakers of our country" if he chooses a "path of genuine political settlement."  Still, this doesn't mean that either the government or the ANC is changing stripes -- or that either has moved significantly closer to the other</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="23" word="so that">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="23o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">so that</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="31" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="31"/>
        <example>One son sacrifices his own career so that his avaricious brother can succeed</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="24" word="or">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="24o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">or</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="24o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Or</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>How soon Wang will stage a comeback, or if it will at all</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Implicit assertion" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>If you'd really rather have a Buick, don't leave home without the American Express card.  Or so the slogan might go</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>Call it a fad. Or call it the wave of the future</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="34"/>
        <example>It could be a long meeting or it could be a short one</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Conjunctive" pdtb_freq="41"/>
        <example>to stay in the market or even to plunge in with Fidelity</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Equivalence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>On average, something that cost $100 30 years ago now costs $425. Or, a wage that was $100 30 years ago would buy only $23.53 worth of stuff today</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>the Japanese government has put up just about as much, or so it is reported</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>and now we have as its quintessential symbol a former president huckstering for a foreign poohbah. Or perhaps that is a fitting symbol for the United States of 1989: Everything for sale; nothing of real value</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>All of that is just for starters, or so the hundreds of thousands of Eastern Europeans in the streets seem to hope and are certainly demanding</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="25" word="moreover">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="25o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Moreover</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="25o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">moreover</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Known as a traditional executive, he is very much in the conservative American Express mold. Moreover, after 26 years at Ogilvy he had honed a reputation for being squeaky-clean and a straight arrow -- which can only help American Express in the wake of the Safra incident</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="100"/>
        <example>that its earnings performance has diminished this year from previous years. The firm's capital, moreover, hasn't grown at the same rate as in the past</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="26" word="in addition">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="26o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In addition</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="26o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in addition</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="165" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="165"/>
        <example>Shorted shares must eventually be replaced through buying. In addition, changes in short interest in some stocks may be caused by arbitrage</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="27" word="instead">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="27o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Instead</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="27o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">instead</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen alternative" pdtb_freq="105"/>
        <example>because they were too bullish. Instead, he says, "they were cautious</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>to correct the misunderstandings and misperceptions that are at the root of Japan's deteriorating image. Instead, it seems to be using foreign pressure and even the trade conflict to expand its sphere of influence vis a vis other ministries</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>It presents no great issue of legal principle, no overriding question of family law or the law of contempt. Instead, it turns on the disputed and elusive facts of "who did what to whom</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>to add rooms. Instead, they are spending to reinforce the identity that they believe attracts their customers</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="28" word="on the other hand">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="28o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">On the other hand</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="28o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">on the other hand</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="37" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Without the Cray-3 research and development expenses, the company would have been able to report a profit of $19.3 million for the first half of 1989 rather than the $5.9 million it posted. On the other hand, had it existed then, Cray Computer would have incurred a $20.5 million loss</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="37" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>If the market goes down, I figure it's paper profits I'm losing. On the other hand, if it goes way sky high, I always sell</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="37" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>And if we're not ombudsman for our area, we ought to be thrown out of office. On the other hand, if we're asking for something unreasonable or unethical and so on, then that's a whole different story</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="37" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that the selling of cyclical stocks yesterday will be followed by a sell-off in shares of companies with big debt loads on their balance sheets. In an economic slowdown, heavy debt loads reduce the flexibility of companies because cash that would normally be used to keep the company buoyant must be diverted to interest payments.  On the other hand, investors beat a clear path yesterday to blue-chip issues with proven earnings growth records</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="37" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>After all, gold prices usually soar when inflation is high. Utility stocks, on the other hand, thrive on disinflation</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="29" word="as">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="29o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">as</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="29o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">As</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>We can applaud Mr. Pryor's moment of epiphany, even as we understand that he and his confreres need restraint lest they kill again</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Moreover, just as vodka has acquired an upscale image in the U.S., bourbon has become fashionable in many foreign countries, a uniquely American product tied to frontier folklore</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>Small-business suppliers want prisons to stop getting high priority, especially as prison production grows with swelling inmate populations</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Even as the stock market has generally done well this year, IBM's shares have slipped steadily from its 52-week high of $130.875</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>the synthetic crude oil production from the facility rose even as the price for that oil increased</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="23"/>
        <example>and, to his regret, never went back even as the market soared</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Traders shouted out as their Reuters, Quotron and Telerate screens posted an ever-narrowing loss on Wall Street</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>whether Monday's 88.12-point rally holds up as fresh U.S. economic data are released</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Takeover activity will slow down as more and more banks tighten their lending requirements</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic cause.Justification" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Meanwhile, analysts said Pfizer's recent string of lackluster quarterly performances continued, as earnings in the quarter were expected to decline by about 5%</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>But then it shot upward 7 1/2 as Goldman, Sachs &amp; Co. stepped in and bought</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="205"/>
        <example>Texaco rose 3/4 to 53 3/8 as 4.4 million shares changed hands</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>but it isn't the only company with a new attitude, as it found when it went looking for a partner for the Sharpshooter</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="743" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="478"/>
        <example>That debt would be paid off as the assets are sold</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>even</modifier>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="30" word="for instance">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="30o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">for instance</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="30o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">For instance</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>where instead of being matched for eye color, you could be matched for similar intellectual interests." For instance? "I'm a math major, but I want to know about psychobiology. Hopefully, I'd find someone in psychobiology who wanted to know more about mathematics</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="98" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="97"/>
        <example>that provide early warning signals of a downturn.  Inventories are closely watched for such clues, for instance</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="31" word="nonetheless">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="31o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">nonetheless</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="31o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Nonetheless</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>that these and other trading practices require proper regulation and supervision. Nonetheless, each has too much potential value to the system to be banned by legislative fiat before the CFTC carefully considers all the consequences of a ban and what the regulatory alternatives are</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Gemina, which owns 13.26% of Nuovo Banco, abstained in the final vote on Credit Agricole, which was nonetheless approved by a majority of shareholders</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>And they believe the Big Board, under Mr. Phelan, has abandoned their interest. The son of a specialist and once one himself, Mr. Phelan has nonetheless been striving -- with products like the new stock basket that his former colleagues dislike so much -- to keep index funds and other program traders from taking their business to overseas markets</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="17"/>
        <example>why infected people produce large quantities of antibodies, but deteriorate nonetheless</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="32" word="unless">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="32o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Unless</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="32o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">unless</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="95" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>it will postpone the auction unless it has assurances of enactment of legislation to raise the statutory debt limit before the scheduled auction date</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="95" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="94"/>
        <example>Unless there is a panic, this is the best time to buy</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="33" word="meanwhile">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="33o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">meanwhile</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="33o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Meanwhile</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>they're piggybacking on our reputation." But she has no problem with that, she says: "In the meanwhile, they're helping us</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="70"/>
        <example>South Carolina deserves an A for its quick and timely relief efforts. Mr. Laband, meanwhile, gets an A for his rote recital of economic-efficiency arguments</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="17"/>
        <example>When Mr. Korotich took it over in 1986, it sold 250,000 copies; today it sells 3.4 million. Pravda, meanwhile, has retained only 57% of its 1986 readership</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>Leading indicators rose a slight 0.2% in September, a further indication the economy is slowing but without any clear sign of whether a recession looms. Meanwhile, new-home sales plunged 14% in the month</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>A further decline in prices will lead to mine production cuts in the U.S., he says. Scrap merchants are converting smaller quantities of metal into silver, while low prices are discouraging exports from India and the Soviet Union. Silver prices could also be boosted by strikes in leading producing nations Peru and Mexico, Mr. Demler says.  Meanwhile, total fabrication demand for silver has risen six years in a row</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Many clothiers, especially Ralph Lauren, have cashed in on the recent popularity of updated Ivy League and English styles. In keeping with men's broader fashion scope today, businessmen are dabbling in English and Italian suits that are conservative but not stodgy. The rigid Ivy League customer, Brooks Brothers' bread and butter, meanwhile is becoming extinct</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="193" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="93"/>
        <example>American Medical accepted the offer, meanwhile indicating it had heard from two other suitors</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>in the</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="34" word="yet">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="34o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Yet</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="34o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">yet</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>This is not the case. Some diaries simply aren't worth snooping in.  Yet there will be people who will sob at "Immediate Family," a limply constructed and offensive movie about adoption</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>in which holders get a special dividend yet retain a controlling ownership interest</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Many are far enough from residential areas to pass public muster, yet close enough to permit family visits</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The Justice Department's view is shared by other lawyers and at least one member of the court, Judge H. Robert Mayer, a former civil litigator who served at the claims court trial level before he was appointed to the Federal Circuit two years ago. "I believe that any good lawyer should be able to figure out and understand patent law," Judge Mayer says, adding that "it's the responsibility of highly paid lawyers (who argue before the court) to make us understand (complex patent litigation)."  Yet some lawyers point to Eli Lilly &amp; Co. vs. Medtronic, Inc., the patent infringement case the Supreme Court this month agreed to review, as an example of poor legal reasoning by judges who lack patent litigation experience</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="16"/>
        <example>they'd prefer to work in or own a small company, yet most take jobs with large concerns</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>Big Bear doesn't care for disposable diapers, which aren't biodegradable. Yet parents demand them</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>how to protect these returns and yet reach a little for additional gains</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that almost 2% of all retail-sales workers suffer injuries from crime each year, almost twice the national average and about four times the rate for teachers, truck drivers, medical workers and door-to-door salespeople. Only a few other occupations have higher reported rates of criminal injury, such as police, bartenders and taxi drivers.  Yet these figures show only the most visible part of the problem</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>to liberalize economically and yet retain political control</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that they want to dispose of and yet they need</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="13"/>
        <example>USX managers have known about many of the safety and health deficiencies at the plants for years, "yet have failed to take necessary action to counteract the hazards</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>Similarly, Rick Wamre, a 31-year-old asset manager for a Dallas real-estate firm, would like to see program trading disappear because "I can't see that it does anything for the market or the country." Yet he isn't in favor of new legislation</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>until the state couldn't hold up its end of that bargain. Yet the state alone sells seeds and machines</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>that only harms other people indirectly, yet does irreparable damage to the nation as a whole</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>that within a decade could provide power equal to today's engines and yet take up only half the space</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="101" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>So far, instead of teaming up, GE Capital staffers and Kidder investment bankers have bickered. Yet, says Mr. Carpenter, "We've really started to exploit the synergy between GE Capital and Kidder Peabody</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="35" word="since">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="35o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">since</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="35o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Since</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>that in joining up with Tele-Communications, Viacom has potentially more power, particularly since Viacom also owns cable networks MTV, VH-1 and Nick at Nite</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>but the rest "dropped by the wayside ever since the share price went above #4 ($6.30) a share</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>In fact, he liberated the U.S. from one of the world's most corrupt organizations -- UNESCO. This is the U.N. group that managed to traduce its own charter of promoting education, science and culture. Ever since, the remaining members have been desperate for the United States to rejoin this dreadful group</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Since joining the Politburo in 1983 as its youngest member, Mr. Krenz had acquired the nickname "crown prince," a reference to the widely held view that he was the hand-picked successor to Mr. Honecker</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="90"/>
        <example>some of it clearly disposable since we keep disposing of it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="184" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="80"/>
        <example>It's a few hundred years since England has been a kingdom</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>particularly</modifier>
      <modifier>ever</modifier>
      <modifier>especially</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="36" word="rather">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="36o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Rather</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="36o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">rather</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen alternative" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>to take -- or rather, not to take -- covert action</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>But, analysts say, Asian cooperation isn't likely to parallel the European Common Market approach. Rather, Japanese investment will spur integration of certain sectors</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The finance minister's order wasn't sparked by a single event and doesn't indicate a souring in relations between the neighboring countries. Rather, the two closely linked exchanges have been drifting apart for some years, with a nearly five-year-old moratorium on new dual listings, separate and different listing requirements, differing trading and settlement guidelines and diverging national-policy aims</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>While not as brand loyal as in the past, consumers today don't buy products capriciously, either. Rather, they tend to have a set of two or three favorites</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen alternative" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Its current ad campaign, on which Maidenform has spent more than $15 million since fall 1987, doesn't even show its underwear products, but rather men like Christopher Reeve, star of the "Superman" movies, talking about their lingerie turn-ons</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="37" word="in fact">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="37o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In fact</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="37o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in fact</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The Sept. 25 "Tracking Travel" column advises readers to "Charge With Caution When Traveling Abroad" because credit-card companies charge 1% to convert foreign-currency expenditures into dollars. In fact, this is the best bargain available to someone traveling abroad</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="33"/>
        <example>People showed some staying power and, in fact, interest in buying equities</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>The outlook is positive for the intermediate to long term."  September orders for all U.S. producers, in fact, were slightly above the monthly average for 1988, a good year for the industry</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>because this company is portraying itself at the heart of American culture and political freedom and in fact it's a killer</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>George Bush also persuasively diagnosed the economic stagnation of the 1970s. In fact, during last year's campaign, the entire nation constantly heard Mr. Bush tout his accomplishments as head of the Task Force on Regulatory Relief</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>A drop below that 3% benchmark "has always been a strong warning sign that stocks are fully valued," says Mr. Boesel of T. Rowe Price.  In fact, "the market has always tanked</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>that both PPI and CPI climbed around 4 1/2% year-to-year in September. He argued that both CPI and PPI have in fact decelerated since spring</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="36"/>
        <example>but they seem to be genuine -- so much so, in fact, that some older employees have resisted</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="82" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Warner denies Mr. Ross ever said any such thing, and, in fact, denies virtually everything Mr. Guber and Mr. Peters say in their affidavits</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="38" word="indeed">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="38o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Indeed</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="38o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">indeed</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>because it supposedly felt that voice communication would never replace the telegraph.  Such is hardly the case. Bell's father-in-law, Gardner G. Hubbard, wealthy and well-connected, obtained financing to start the American Bell Telephone Co. in Boston, which even had a subsidiary in New York called the Telephone Co. of New York. This is where Bell's patents went.  Western Union indeed wanted to get into the telephone business</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="54"/>
        <example>The music is not especially pianistic; indeed, it's hard to imagine a bad performance of it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>he was more apt to say, `Not at any cost to shareholders, '" a former executive says. Indeed, Mr. Corry, at an August press conference, talked about investing in steel as long as it provides a good return and "not a day longer</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic cause.Justification" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Mrs. Yeargin wanted to keep her standing high so she could get a new job that wouldn't demand good hearing. Indeed, Mrs. Yeargin was interested in a possible job with the state teacher cadet program</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Equivalence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>That's the problem, isn't it?"  Indeed it is</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>Generally, regulators haven't announced enforcement actions in the past. Indeed, the OTS said that before the law took effect Aug. 9, it banned another "key Vision Banc insider" from insured financial institutions</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>While the network currently can operate freely in Budapest, so can others. In addition, competition for listeners is getting tougher in many ways than when broadcasting here was strictly controlled. Instead of being denounced as an evil agent of imperialism, Radio Free Europe is more likely to draw the criticism that its programs are too tame, even boring.  "They have a lot to do these days to compete with Hungarian radio," says Andrew Deak, a computer-science student at the Technical University in Budapest. "The Hungarian {radio} reporters seem better informed and more critical about about what's going on here."  Indeed, Hungary is in the midst of a media explosion</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="31"/>
        <example>and D.T.'s surviving bishop was reduced to passivity. Indeed, it looked more like a pawn, a "tall pawn</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>They can't afford to stay out of HDTV."  Indeed, the stakes are high</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>INTJ</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="104" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Traditionally, boiler rooms operate on the cheap, since few, if any, customers ever visit their offices. Indeed, the name derives from the tendency among telemarketing scammers to rent cheap basement space, near the boiler room</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="39" word="later">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="39o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">later</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="39o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Later</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="91" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="90"/>
        <example>that are low in the early years after issuance and rise later</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="91" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Appalled, Mr. Green never paid the money, he testified. But he didn't complain to the state's Judicial Inquiry and Review Board, either, saying later that he feared retribution</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>on</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="40" word="ultimately">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="40o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">ultimately</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="40o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Ultimately</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="18" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>who shepherded "Flashdance" through several scripts and ultimately produced the movie</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="18" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>a clear majority of senators back the tax reduction and that ultimately there would be enough senators to overcome any procedural hurdle the Democratic leadership might erect</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="18" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Many specialist firms resent the Big Board's new "basket" product that allows institutions to buy or sell all stocks in the Standard &amp; Poor's 500-stock index in one shot. Ultimately, the specialists view this as yet another step toward electronic trading that could eventually destroy their franchise</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="18" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Last year, there were only several big investors who were interested," says Kinji Kato, a vice president at the international arm of Nomura Securities Co. "This year, some investors are changing their policies and investing a lot." Ultimately, he says, strong demand could help to drive down interest rates on mortgage securities</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="41" word="as a result">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="41o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As a result</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="41o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as a result</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="78" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="78"/>
        <example>the second-quarter charge was "not material" and that no personnel changes were made as a result</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>largely</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="42" word="either or">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="42o1" type="discont">
        <part type="single">Either</part>
        <part type="single">or</part>
      </orth>
      <orth orth_id="42o2" type="discont">
        <part type="single">either</part>
        <part type="single">or</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Either sign new long-term commitments to buy future episodes or risk losing "Cosby" to a competitor</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Either he wasn't being real in the past, or he isn't being real right now</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Conjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>papers either exonerating the Vatican bank from blame in the scandal, or showing that the bank, known as the Istituto per le Opere di Religione, channeled funds to East bloc groups such as Solidarity in Poland</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="43" word="therefore">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="43o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">therefore</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="43o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Therefore</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="26" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="26"/>
        <example>it hadn't seen the filing by Parsow and Elkhorn and therefore had no comment</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="44" word="in turn">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="44o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in turn</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="30" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="18"/>
        <example>This activity produced small rallies, which in turn attracted new short selling</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="30" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>To me, this calls into question the validity of the Rowland-Molina theory and hence the whole chlorofluorocarbons replacement effort. This, in turn, threatens the massive vested interests of which you have written</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="30" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>Mr. Simmons owns 88% of Valhi Inc., which in turn owns two-thirds of NL</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="30" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that the Navy possesses its own air force (the carrier fleet) and its own army (the Marines), which in turn has its own air force</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="30" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>in winning top ratings for most asset-backed issues -- which in turn is why the yield above Treasurys is so slim</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="45" word="thus">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="45o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Thus</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="45o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">thus</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="103"/>
        <example>to be newer and, thus, in step with the latest safety codes</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="112" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>to be in violation of Article II, and thus void and severable</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="46" word="in particular">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="46o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in particular</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="46o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In particular</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>Such problems may not be over. Leveraged funds in particular "are still extremely vulnerable</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Expansion.Instantiation" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>as in summarily sacking exchange controls and in particular slashing the top rate of income taxation to 40%</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="47" word="further">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="47o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Further</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="47o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">further</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>that the Beijing government has taken "many effective measures" to stop the mushroom contamination and is further investigating the underlying causes</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RBR</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>it obtained "firm" financing commitments from three major banks in regard to its offer for 50.3% of LIN Broadcasting Corp. Morgan Guaranty Trust, Toronto-Dominion Bank and Provident National Bank, an affiliate of PNC Financial Corp., jointly committed $1.2 billion of financing, subject to certain conditions, McCaw said.  Further, McCaw said the banks expressed confidence that the balance of the $4.5 billion bank facility will be committed within the next several weeks by a syndicate of foreign and domestic banks</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="48" word="afterward">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="48o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Afterwards</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="48o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Afterward</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="48o3" type="cont">
        <part type="single">afterward</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="48o4" type="cont">
        <part type="single">afterwards</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>before the law is passed than to try to buy one afterward</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>shortly afterwards</modifier>
      <modifier>shortly</modifier>
      <modifier>afterwards</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="49" word="next">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="49o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Next</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="49o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">next</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>and set out to repeat the Cavenee experiment in cells from other cancers. His was one of two research teams in 1984 to report dual chromosome losses for a rare childhood cancer of the kidney called Wilm's tumor.  Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention to colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Vegetables are abundant and full of flavor in Poland, the pickles and sauerkraut sublime, the state monopolies long broken. Grain, milk and meat come next</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>When last we left him, FBI Agent Nick Mancuso had solved a murder mystery, unraveled a Washington political scandal, and racked up some pretty good ratings numbers in the miniseries "Favorite Son." What next for the crusty FBI agent with the heart of gold</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="50" word="similarly">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="50o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">similarly</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="50o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Similarly</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="18" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="18"/>
        <example>Now the wildlife refuge has been closed to the industry, possibly for years. Similarly, a group of companies led by Chevron Corp. has been unable to pump oil found off the California coast in the early 1980s</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="51" word="besides">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="51o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">besides</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="51o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Besides</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="19" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>and I am not ready to do that," he said. "Besides, we have enough on our plate</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="19" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Besides sacking other senior Politburo officials who allied themselves with Mr. Honecker, Mr. Krenz could loosen controls on the news media, free up travel restrictions, and establish a dialogue with various dissident groups</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="19" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>Besides adding to sales, leathers also attract retailers who may buy furs later</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="19" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Conjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>to do besides ski and sit in the bar</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="52" word="if and when">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="52o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">if and when</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>it would launch a new bid if and when the propsed sale of Farmers to Axa receives regulatory approval</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that, if and when safety problems were identified, they were corrected</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>UCP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>or are "unsure if and when a recession might come" (about 22%)</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="53" word="nor">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="53o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">nor</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="53o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Nor</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="31" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>But the Reserve Fund, America's first money fund, was not named, nor were the creators of the money-fund concept, Harry Brown and myself</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="31" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that Tokyu is talking with Campeau about buying Bloomingdale's. Tokyu, however, said no agreement had been reached.  Nor is Tokyu the only Japanese retailer interested in Bloomingdale's</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="31" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="25"/>
        <example>It hasn't had any impact on us, nor do we expect it to</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="31" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Conjunctive" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>Michael won't confirm the identities of any Easy Egg customers, nor will it say much of anything else</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="54" word="alternatively">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="54o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">alternatively</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="54o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Alternatively</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>that would allow them to acknowledge that Sverdlovsk violated the 1972 agreement or, alternatively, that would give U.S. specialists reasonable confidence that this was a wholly civilian accident</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>The engine plant may encompass plans for a joint components venture with Jaguar. Alternatively, a separate engine plant may be built as part of GM's planned tie-up with the British luxury car maker</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="55" word="whereas">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="55o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Whereas</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="55o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">whereas</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>But Mr. Levine had said the p53 gene caused cancer by promoting growth, whereas the Johns Hopkins scientists were looking for a gene that suppressed growth</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>that Zenith's $2,000 MinisPort uses an "unconventional" two-inch floppy disk, whereas Compaq's new machines use the more common 3 1/2-inch disk</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Whereas conventional securities financings are structured to be sold quickly, Wall Street's new penchant for leveraged buy-outs and junk bonds is resulting in long-term lending commitments that stretch out for months or years</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="56" word="overall">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="56o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">overall</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="56o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Overall</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>More than half the users of 17 of the 25 products included in the survey said they're brand switchers.  Overall, 12% of consumers aren't brand loyal for any of the 25 product categories</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>New telephone lines posted healthy growth. Overall they increased 2.8% to 12.1 million, putting U S West over the 12 million mark for the first time</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>a particularly strong showing by the company's electronics segment.  Overall, pretax electronics earnings soared 12% to $107.9 million from $96.4 million</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Low P-E" stocks, he says, vastly outperform others "during a recession or bear market." In good times, he says, they lag a bit, but overall they provide superior performance</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>JJ</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Overall OTC insurance issues were mixed. Safeco fell 1/8 to 32 5/8 on 462,900 shares. Ohio Casualty rose 1/4 to 51 3/4 on 137,200 shares. St. Paul Cos. jumped 2 to 59 3/4 on 517,500 shares. Academy Insurance fell 1/32 to 1 3/16; but volume totaled 1.2 million shares. The Nasdaq Insurance Index jumped 4.15 to 529.32 on the day, while the barometer of big insurance and banking issues climbed 1.72 to 455.29</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="57" word="by comparison">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="57o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">by comparison</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="57o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">By comparison</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The DAX Index of 30 West German blue chips plunged 12.8%, a one-day record, wiping out the summer's gains. The index closed at 1385.72, down 203.56 points.  By comparison, two years ago on Black Monday, the new index would have dropped 9.4%, according to a projection by the exchange</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>So it's entirely possible that "Look Who's Talking" isn't as entertaining as it seems in comparison to the turgid other films opening now. But by comparison, this fluffy comedy seems like a gem</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>The average issue on Standard &amp; Poor's 500-stock Index gained 35% last year, Ms. Farrell of PaineWebber says. Smaller-stock earnings, by comparison, rose between 15% and 20%</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="58" word="till">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="58o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">till</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>and choke him till he coughed up an additional $2 billion or so</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="59" word="in contrast">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="59o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In contrast</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="59o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in contrast</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>Some 60% of the survey respondents said they would buy anti-lock brakes even if they carry a medium or high price tag. More than 50% felt the same way about air bags. Both features appealed most to buyers under 45. In contrast, dashboard computers, power seats and turbo-charged engines had little appeal</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>After plummeting 1.8% at one point during the day, the composite rebounded a little, but finished down 5.52, at 461.70. In contrast, the industrial average recovered almost completely from its skid and closed down 0.1%</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Sell stops must be entered at a price below the current market price and buy stops above. In contrast, sell limit orders must be placed above the market price and buy limit orders are placed below</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="60" word="finally">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="60o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">finally</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="60o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Finally</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="32" sense="Expansion.List" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>Was there a fiduciary breach in order to obtain personal gain? Did Mr. Freeman have notice of this? Finally, was the information material</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="32" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>but the sale sputtered almost from the beginning and finally collapsed last week</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="32" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>Mr. Dinkins lost twice by wide margins before finally getting elected borough president in 1985</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="32" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>She made money, but spent more. Friends pitched in. Finally, Prince Rainier and Princess Grace saved her with the offer of a house in Monaco</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="61" word="otherwise">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="61o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">otherwise</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="61o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Otherwise</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Conjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Insureres selling these policies market them directly to the public or otherwise don't use commissioned salesmen</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Expansion.Exception" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>That's geologically correct, but a trifle unfair otherwise</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="24" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="21"/>
        <example>which then find non-warranty work that might otherwise go to repair shops</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="62" word="as if">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="62o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as if</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="62o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As if</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="16" sense="Comparison.Pragmatic concession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>As if this weren't enough, the Senate Judiciary Committee is getting into the act</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="16" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>Mr. Burt nonetheless paid the penalty as if he had lost</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="16" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>He speaks for the death penalty as if reading from Exodus 21</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="63" word="thereby">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="63o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">thereby</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="12" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>to ensure a "lockup" of the purchase of Unitel, thereby discouraging other bids</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="64" word="now that">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="64o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Now that</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="64o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">now that</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="22" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Now that the Supreme Court opened the door on the subject of abortion, politicians are squinting under the glare of democratic choice</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="22" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Now that Vietnam appears to have pulled out its occupation army, the State Department is talking again about accepting an "interim" coalition government in the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="22" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Now that the baseball season is officially over, you see, it's time for a new season to begin</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="22" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="13"/>
        <example>Our technician is a little bearish now that we've taken out $20</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="22" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>that silver is cheap now that prices are languishing at levels last seen in the mid-1970s</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="65" word="before and after">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="65o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">before and after</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>These days he hustles to house-painting jobs in his Chevy pickup before and after training with the Tropics</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="66" word="additionally">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="66o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">additionally</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="66o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Additionally</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="7"/>
        <example>Last year, the Cowboys' share of that pie came to $17.6 million. The team additionally earns between $2 million and $4 million for local radio and television broadcast rights</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="67" word="meantime">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="67o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">meantime</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="67o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Meantime</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that food-importing nations would eventually become self-sufficient in a free-market system, the poorest nations are likely to need help in the meantime</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>a measure to double the state's nine-cent a gallon tax over five years is set to appear on the state's June election ballot. But some fear imposing a temporary gasoline tax increase in the meantime</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>the Dow average {to be at} 3000 by mid-1990," nonetheless foresees a sluggish economy in the meantime</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>he is recalculating the worth of the company's assets and, in the meantime, is sticking to his "buy" recommendation on the belief that he will find "values" of 30 a share</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>casting a pall over much of the junk market. Michael McNamara, director of fixed-income research at Kemper Financial Services, says the quality of junk issues has been getting poorer, contributing to the slide in prices.  "Last year we probably bought one out of every three new deals," he says. "This year, at best, it's in one in every five or six. And our credit standards haven't changed one iota." However, Mr. McNamara said the slide in junk is creating "one hell of a buying opportunity" for selective buyers.  For the moment, investors seem more preoccupied with the "bad" junk than the "good" junk. "The market has been weak since" the announcement of the Campeau cash squeeze and the company's subsequent bailout by Olympia &amp; York, says Mr. Minella of Merrill Lynch. "That really affected the market in that people started to ask 'What else is in trouble? '"  Well before Campeau, though, there were signs that the junk market was stumbling through one of its worst years ever. Despite the relatively strong economy, junk bond prices did nothing except go down, hammered by a seemingly endless trail of bad news:  -- In June, two months before it would default on interest payments covering some of its $1.2 billion of speculative debt securities, New York-based Integrated Resources Inc. said it ran out of borrowed money.  -- In July, Southmark Corp., the Dallas-based real estate and financial services company with about $1.3 billion of junk bonds, voluntarily filed for protection under U.S. bankruptcy law. -- By the end of July, the difference in yield between an index of junk bonds and seven-year Treasury notes widened to more than 5.5 percentage points.  -- In August, Resorts International Inc., which sold more than $500 million of junk bonds, suspended interest payments.  -- In September, just as the cash squeeze hit Campeau, Lomas Financial Corp. defaulted on $145 million of notes and appeared unlikely to pay interest on a total of $1.2 billion of debt securities.  Meantime, regulators are becoming increasingly worried as the rush to leverage shows no signs of abating</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>in the</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="68" word="by contrast">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="68o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">By contrast</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="68o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">by contrast</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>Where they lag behind the Japanese is in turning the scientific inventiveness into improved production. By contrast, the Japanese have proved adept at making use of Soviet inventions</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="12"/>
        <example>Mr. Phillips would rather delegate, leaving him time for his interests outside the office. Mr. Roman, by contrast, seems rarely to cut loose at all</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="27" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>by adopting the American practice of hiring managers on the "open market." In Japan, by contrast, companies tend to develop their own talent and promote from within</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="69" word="if then">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="69o1" type="discont">
        <part type="single">If</part>
        <part type="single">then</part>
      </orth>
      <orth orth_id="69o2" type="discont">
        <part type="single">if</part>
        <part type="single">then</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="38" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="22"/>
        <example>If for any reason I don't have the values, then I won't recommend it</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="38" sense="Contingency.Condition.General" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>If the futures markets have a problem, then those products could have a problem</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="38" sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal past" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>if we had been allowed to go ahead then we wouldn't have the problems we have now</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="38" sense="Contingency.Pragmatic condition.Implicit assertion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>If apartheid means you want cheap black labor and all the comforts that go with it, but you also want to exclude the blacks from social and political integration, then these are two contradictions that can't go on forever</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="38" sense="Contingency.Condition.Factual present" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>However, if you exclude defense-related orders then durable goods were down 3.9%</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="70" word="likewise">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="70o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Likewise</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="70o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">likewise</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="8" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>The ANC won't be stopped until there is a provision for black aspirations," says Mr. Verwoerd. "Likewise, no government will stop this idea of the Afrikaners</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="71" word="in the end">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="71o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in the end</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="71o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In the end</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Time executives complained about the shoddy editorial quality, and in the end, one Time executive who asked not to be identified said, "Frankly, McCall's and the joint venture were an embarrassment</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>to decide between the Chancellor and her adviser. In the end, neither policy was followed</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>We're sorry to see Nigel Lawson's departure from the British government. He is a politician with the courage of true conviction, as in summarily sacking exchange controls and in particular slashing the top rate of income taxation to 40%. But in the end his resignation as Chancellor of the Exchequer may be a good thing</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The bottom line is that he is a very genuine and decent guy," says Malcolm Hoenlein, a Jewish community leader. "In the end, I think David will be judged for being David</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Mr. Kasparov's continuation was slower but, in the end, just as deadly</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher might, however, be receptive to any request by Jaguar Chairman Sir John Egan for the restriction's early removal to let GM amass more than 15% or mount a friendly suitor bid against Ford. In the end, Sir John -- rather than the government or Jaguar shareholders -- may hold the key that unlocks the golden share</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>We had lots of internal debate about this one," concedes Tadahiko Fukuyama, a senior public-relations official. "But in the end, top management decided to follow the voice of the younger generation</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="9" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>So Mr. Lawson had to resign. In the end his move was sparked by remarks in excerpts from Sir Alan's autobiography in The American Economist, a 10,000-circulation academic journal</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="72" word="regardless">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="72o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">regardless</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="72o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Regardless</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>After four years of no progress in this direction, it is doubtful any viable collaboration with Ms. Bartlett will suddenly now be possible. (Mr. Quennell has said he plans to go with the grid, regardless</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="73" word="thereafter">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="73o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">thereafter</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="73o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Thereafter</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>They pay interest only for 115 months, with principal payments beginning thereafter</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that the company expects somewhat slower per-share earnings growth in 1990, although annual growth should return to the traditional figure of about 7% thereafter</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>shortly</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="74" word="earlier">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="74o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Earlier</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="74o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">earlier</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Transportation Secretary Sam Skinner, who earlier fueled the anti-takeover fires with his quasi-xenophobic attacks on foreign investment in U.S. carriers, now says the bill would further disturb the jittery capital markets</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="15" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="14"/>
        <example>who, happy with his returns on investments chalked up earlier, declined the offers</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="75" word="in other words">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="75o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in other words</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="75o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In other words</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Equivalence" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>that the "book value of the collection {be} reduced to zero." In other words: Get rid of all the pictures</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Restatement" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>that the Pentagon should deliberately exaggerate its needs in the national interest; in other words, that it is justified in committing a crime -- lying to Congress -- because it is morally superior</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="17" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>the inflation rate, currently about 4 1/2%, "could be brought down to levels which are close to zero without putting the economy into a recession, but I do suspect that there might be some modest loss of economic output." In other words, economic growth would be lower and unemployment would be higher for a few years</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="76" word="as soon as">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="76o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as soon as</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="76o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As soon as</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="20" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>The loan was to have matured in just two to three years, as soon as construction was completed</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="20" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>to arrest him on the gun-running charges as soon as he hit U.S. soil</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>just</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="77" word="except">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="77o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">except</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="77o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Except</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>VB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Expansion.Exception" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Philip Morris disclosed little detailed information about performance by major business lines except to say that most, including Philip Morris U.S.A., Kraft General Foods and Miller Brewing Co., posted increased revenues</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Expansion.Exception" pdtb_freq="8"/>
        <example>Despite the relatively strong economy, junk bond prices did nothing except go down</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>to veto a pending welfare bill if it provided any abortion funds, except to save a woman's life</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="78" word="in short">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="78o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In short</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>He was simply the first in this country to realize that treasures were just lying around waiting to be picked up. In short: Rey found companies with weak earnings but rich assets</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="79" word="neither nor">
    <orths>
      <orth orth_id="79o1" type="discont">
        <part type="single">neither</part>
        <part type="single">nor</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that as part of the disciplinary settlement, neither man admitted, nor denied the alleged violations</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>he neither rejected a socialist planned economy nor embraced the free market</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>while neither admitting nor denying the Merc charges</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="80" word="furthermore">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="80o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Furthermore</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="80o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">furthermore</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="11" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="11"/>
        <example>Regulators, as well, might have quashed the deal if Tiger's pilots hadn't been protected, he said. Furthermore, Mr. Smith added, "our contract with our pilots says that we will manage our fleet operations with their advice</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="81" word="lest">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="81o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">lest</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Contingency.Condition.Hypothetical" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Mr. Ortega should give them a break, lest the conservatives ask them to vote for bullets instead of bandages</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>that he and his confreres need restraint lest they kill again</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="82" word="as though">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="82o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as though</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>it seems more rushed, as though the author were growing less interested</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>As soon as the tremor passed, many people spontaneously arose and cheered, as though it had been a novel kind of pre-game show</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="83" word="specifically">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="83o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">specifically</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="83o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Specifically</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Within the IRS, nearly $1.95 billion is provided for processing tax returns, a 12% increase over fiscal 1989 and double what the government was spending five years ago. Investigation and taxpayer service accounts would grow to $1.6 billion, and Congress specifically added $7.4 million for stepped up criminal investigations of money laundering related to drug traffic</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="9"/>
        <example>Instead, a House subcommittee adopted a clean-fuels program that specifically mentions reformulated gasoline as an alternative</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="84" word="conversely">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="84o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Conversely</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Even before the China crisis, weak U.S. demand was slowing local economic growth. Conversely, strong consumer spending in the U.S. two years ago helped propel the local economy at more than twice its current rate</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="85" word="consequently">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="85o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">consequently</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="85o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Consequently</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="10" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="10"/>
        <example>to revise its business objectives and, consequently, to write down the asset value of some previous acquisitions</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="86" word="as well">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="86o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As well</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="86o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as well</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>what he had always done before his election (and some would say thereafter as well</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="87" word="much as">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="87o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">much as</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen alternative" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>we created him as much as we fed him, nurtured him and let him grow up to be big and strong</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>It takes more error now to have a major depression than back in the Thirties -- much as the financial community and the government may try</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>a few euphemisms are deployed to simply make it disappear, much as a fresh grave may be covered by a blanket of flowers</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Comparison" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>and had the power to revoke payment whenever it chose, much as it would in today's Soviet Union</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>so</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="88" word="plus">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="88o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Plus</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>CC</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Expansion.Conjunction" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>it will cost less to run its headquarters at Las Colinas than in New York. The company won't say how much it will save, but during at its interim location, sources say it will likely pay rent of $10 to $15 per square foot. Owners of the building in New York say they will be asking $50 per square foot for rent to fill the space that Exxon is vacating. In Texas, taxes and development costs are also lower, they said.  Plus, one Exxon official said, by eliminating the typically long New York commutes between office and home, management will expect employees to work 40 hours a week in Dallas, rather than a 35-hour work week in New York</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="89" word="hence">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="89o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Hence</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="89o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">hence</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="4"/>
        <example>The Fed, of course, knows that very well -- hence its readiness to pump credit into the economy this morning</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="90" word="by then">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="90o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">by then</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="90o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">By then</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Precedence" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>TW's stockholder meeting was postponed from tomorrow to Nov. 21. By then, DLJ hopes to be able to sell less-junky junk bonds</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>A third model, marketed in Japan, may hit the U.S. by the end of the first quarter of 1990, but by then, analysts say, Compaq will have established itself as one of three major players</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Stunned, Mr. Breeden turned to his market-monitoring computer, which by then was next to his desk</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="7" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The deepening bloodbath for takeover-stock traders, who by then had seen UAL stock tumble 49% since Oct. 12</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="91" word="accordingly">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="91o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Accordingly</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="91o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">accordingly</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="5" sense="Contingency.Cause.Result" pdtb_freq="5"/>
        <example>the outlook for natural gas is better than it is for oil, and have shifted their exploration and development budgets accordingly</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="92" word="on the contrary">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="92o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">On the contrary</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>Is the voluntary sector so weak that it needs such unsolicited assistance? On the contrary, it is as robust as ever</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Nor does it at all resemble (despite what some executives think) the more intimate variety offered at specialty parlors in bad parts of town. On the contrary, office rubdowns usually take place in dimly lighted conference rooms</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="4" sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>The problem is not that the Fed is too unresponsive to the public interest. On the contrary, it is too responsive to an incorrect view of the public interest</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="93" word="simultaneously">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="93o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Simultaneously</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="93o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">simultaneously</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="6" sense="Temporal.Synchrony" pdtb_freq="6"/>
        <example>by purchasing a stock and simultaneously buying a put option on that stock</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers>
      <modifier>almost</modifier>
    </pdtb_modifiers>
  </entry>
  <entry id="94" word="for">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="94o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">for</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="94o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">For</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="3" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="3"/>
        <example>to accept reversals as a fact of business life, for in a good due-process system they are bound to happen</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="95" word="in sum">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="95o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In sum</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>The first of three major sources of error is the use of labor input estimates (mainly employment or hours) instead of output estimates for those sectors, such as governments, paid household services and private non-profit institutions, where there are difficulties in assembling output data. This means that no allowance is made for possible increases in output per unit of labor. In an unrelated program in which the Labor Department does estimate output per employee for more than two-thirds of federal civilian employees, it found an average annual rate of productivity improvement of 1.7% during the 1980s. Even if it is assumed that productivity rose no more than half as quickly in the rest of the nonbusiness sector, this Labor Department estimate indicates a downward bias in the real GNP estimates of 0.2 percentage point a year, on average.  The federal productivity estimators use labor input, rather than output, data for their calculations of half of private financial and service industries as well. Independent estimates of output in those industries, including one by the Department of Labor for banking, suggests that productivity in finance and services appears to have risen by an average of at least 1.5% a year between 1948 and 1988. Because finance and services contribute 10% to final business product, missing these productivity improvements depresses the overall growth rate by 0.15% a year.  The second source of error in growth statistics is the use of inappropriate deflators to adjust for price changes. I estimate that these mismeasurements as detailed by Martin N. Baily and Robert J. Gordon add a further 0.12 percentage point to the downward bias in the growth rate of real business product.  Finally, the official estimates understate growth because they make inadequate allowance for improvements in quality of goods and services. In 1985, a new price index for computers adjusted for changes in performance characteristics was introduced, and that resulted in a significantly larger increase in real outlays for durable goods than the earlier estimates had showed. Since then, further research argues that failure to take account of quality improvements has contributed a total of at least 0.26 percentage point to the downward bias in the growth rate.  In sum, the biases ennumerated above indicate a 0.7 percentage point understatement in growth of total real GNP</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="96" word="when and if">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="96o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">When and if</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>UCP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>When and if the trust runs out of cash -- which seems increasingly likely -- it will need to convert its Manville stock to cash</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="97" word="insofar as">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="97o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Insofar as</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>Insofar as Mr. Dingell has a special interest in NIH and the institutions that receive its funding, the Rockefeller scientists were no doubt discomfited by Dr. Baltimore's unflattering public opinion of this congressional patron</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="98" word="else">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="98o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">else</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Expansion.Alternative" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>It must be able to handle most of the complaints that cannot be solved in the trenches by managers and their subordinates, else the company court or adjudicators will be inundated with cases</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="99" word="as an alternative">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="99o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As an alternative</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="2" sense="Expansion.Alternative.Disjunctive" pdtb_freq="2"/>
        <example>individuals to exclude from income 5% of the gain from the sale of a capital asset held for more than one year. The exclusion would rise five percentage points for each year the asset was held, until it reached a maximum of 35% after seven years. The exclusion would apply to assets sold after Oct. 1. As an alternative, taxpayers could chose to reduce their gains by an inflation index</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="100" word="on the one hand on the other hand">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="100o1" type="discont">
        <part type="phrasal">On the one hand</part>
        <part type="phrasal">On the other hand</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation anno_N="1" sense="Comparison.Contrast" pdtb_freq="1"/>
        <example>On the one hand, Mr. Front says, it would be misguided to sell into "a classic panic." On the other hand, it's not necessarily a good time to jump in and buy</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="101" word="because of">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="101o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Because of</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="101o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">because of</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>Because of Integrated's widely reported troubles, the unit's representatives had been requesting a name change.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="102" word="aside from">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="102o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Aside from</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="102o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">aside from</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>Aside from working with Mr. Robinson on the American Express advertising account for about 11 years, Mr. Roman serves on several of the same charities and boards as Mr. Robinson.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="103" word="for one">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="103o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">For one</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="103o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">for one</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Instantiation"/>
        <example>Farmers was quick yesterday to point out the many negative aspects it sees in having Axa as its parent. For one, Axa plans to do away with certain tax credits that have resulted in more than $600 million paid to the Farmers exchanges during the past few years to offset underwriting losses...</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="104" word="whatever">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="104o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Whatever</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="104o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">whatever</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency"/>
        <example>The pilot union is vowing to pursue an acquisition whatever the board decides.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="105" word="when/then">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="105o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">When/then</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="105o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">when/then</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Conditon"/>
        <example>"When you reach a point where a policy-making body is trying to shape administrative decisions, then that's a no-no in my book,"</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="106" word="at the time">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="106o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">At the time</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="106o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">at the time</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>The Senate negotiators included Sens. Cranston and Riegle and Mr. Wall's principal sponsor, Republican Sen. Jake Garn of Utah. They were willing to trade important provisions in the bailout legislation to preserve Mr. Wall's job and to avoid a reconfirmation hearing in which he would be called upon to testify about Lincoln S&amp;amp;L. Most importantly, the Senate traded away the Bush administration's controversial plan to finance the bailout, which was partly reinstated later. At the time, Mr. Gonzalez said several senators told him that they "could get some roadblocks out of the way if there could be some understanding on Garn's insistence on Wall."</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="107" word="in this way">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="107o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In this way</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="107o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in this way</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Result"/>
        <example>Develop rental agreements with exclusive purchase options for the renter. An occupant will, in most every case, be better for the home and neighborhood than a vacant house. In this way, the house is not dumped on to a glutted market.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="108" word="even so">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="108o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Even so</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="108o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">even so</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Concession.Contra-Expectation"/>
        <example>Because of the difficulty of assessing the damages caused by the earthquake, Aetna pulled together a team of its most experienced claims adjusters from around the country. Even so, few had ever dealt with an earthquake.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="109" word="quite the contrary">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="109o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Quite the contrary</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="109o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">quite the contrary</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen Alternative"/>
        <example>This legislation was not drafted by a handful of Democratic "do-gooders." Quite the contrary -- it results from years of work by members of the National Council on the Handicapped, all appointed by President Reagan.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="110" word="everytime">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="110o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Everytime</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="110o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">everytime</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>"Everytime we talked about Blinder International, {people} thought it was the brokerage house."</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="111" word="for one thing">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="111o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">For one thing</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="111o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">for one thing</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Instantiation"/>
        <example>But while index options are convenient, they have several disadvantages. For one thing, an investor's portfolio might not closely match the S&amp;amp;P 100. As a result, the OEX insurance may or may not fully protect an investor's holdings in the event of a market decline.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="112" word="despite">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="112o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Despite</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="112o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">despite</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation"/>
        <example>Despite the narrowing of the monthly trade gap, economists expect the current account deficit for all of 1989 to swell to about #20 billion from #14.6 billion in 1988.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="113" word="instead of">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="113o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Instead of</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="113o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">instead of</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition"/>
        <example>Instead of proposing a complete elimination of farm subsidies, as the earlier U.S. proposal did, the new package calls for the elimination of only the most tradedistorting ones.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen Alternative"/>
        <example/>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="114" word="in case">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="114o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In case</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="114o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in case</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Condition.General"/>
        <example>many insurers had to tap reinsurers to replace that coverage in case there were any other major disasters before the end of the year.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="115" word="without">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="115o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Without</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="115o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">without</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>Seattle's license fees for adult peep shows vary from those for other coin-operated amusements without serving a substantial government interest</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Condition.General"/>
        <example>Today, no one gets in or out of the restricted area without De Beers's stingy approval.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Condition.Unreal Past"/>
        <example>Without the increase in defense bookings, September orders would have plummeted 3.9%.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="116" word="even though">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="116o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Even though</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="116o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">even though</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation"/>
        <example>Monsanto Co., too, is expected to continue reporting higher profit, even though its sales of crop chemicals were hurt in the latest quarter by drought in northern Europe and the western U.S.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="117" word="with">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="117o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">With</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="117o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">with</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>with large amounts being raised from investors, the government's dawdling on regulation and disclosure requirements has a more dangerous aspect.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification"/>
        <example>Erbamont will then be liquidated, with any remaining Erbamont holders receiving a distribution of $37 a share.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>Unit volume, or amount of products shipped, rose about 11% in the international segment, with P&amp;amp;G continuing to win market share in Japan's diaper and detergent markets.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Result"/>
        <example>The remainder were to be phased out in five or 10 annual installments, with all tariffs eliminated by January 1998.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>With a five-year defense plan costing more than $1.6 trillion, it's about time we put together a defense strategy</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="118" word="even if">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="118o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Even if</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="118o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">even if</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation"/>
        <example>...it is often possible to obtain a new government loan even if existing debts are not paid off.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="119" word="by the way">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="119o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">By the way</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="119o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">by the way</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Contrast.Juxtaposition"/>
        <example>Mr. Auvil, the Washington grower, says that he could sell Fujis to Taiwan buyers at $40 a box if he had them. (Taiwan already is a big importer of Fujis from other places, he adds.) But his first crop won't be picked till next year. "I expect to see the demand exceed supply for Fujis for the next 10 to 15 years," he adds. Washington Red Delicious, by the way, are wholesaling for less than $10 a box these days.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example></example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="120" word="given that">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="120o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Given that</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="120o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">given that</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>The trend toward lower rents may seem surprising given that some communities in New York are bemoaning the loss of favorite local businesses to high rents.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Pragmatic Cause.Justification"/>
        <example/>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Condition.General"/>
        <example/>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="121" word="in any event">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="121o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In any event</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="121o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in any event</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>Of heart-pounding moments there were nearly none, and whether this has to do with Mr. Kleiber or the wooden cast is hard to say. In any event, Ms. Gruberova barely ventilated Violetta's anguish in her long meeting with Wolfgang Brendel, who as Germont seemed fairly desperate trying to inject an Italianate lilt into his heavy, teutonic baritone. "Di Provenza" wasn't much of an advertisement for sunny, southern France. Perhaps Mr. Kleiber could let him substitute one of the songs about dead children and dark nights from Mahler's "Kindertotenlieder."</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization"/>
        <example></example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="122" word="essentially">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="122o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Essentially</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="122o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">essentially</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Instantiation"/>
        <example>...he is restricted from making certain hostile moves by an agreement he signed to obtain confidential UAL data. Essentially, he can't make any hostile moves unless he makes a tender offer at least $300 a share.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="123" word="given">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="123o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Given</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="123o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">given</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>given the country's lack of natural resources, they must work hard to create value through exports and buy food with the surplus.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Pragmatic Cause.Justification"/>
        <example/>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Condition.General"/>
        <example>...given the right conditions, the universe is a big place, and sympathetic to creating some form of life.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="124" word="at that point">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="124o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">At that point</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="124o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">at that point</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>The fragile market received its biggest jolt last month from Campeau Corp., which created its U.S. retailing empire with more than $3 billion in junk financing.Campeau developed a cash squeeze that caused it to be tardy on some interest payments and to put its prestigious Bloomingdale's department store chain up for sale. At that point, the junk market went into a tailspin as buyers disappeared and investors tried to sell.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="125" word="in essence">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="125o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In essence</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="125o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in essence</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>"We don't just hand the customer the package. That's just the beginning," he says. "In essence, we run the show."</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="126" word="in response to">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="126o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In response to</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="126o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in response to</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>in response to the expectations of the Justice Department and the commission's own commitment to enhancing minority political leadership, the new district lines will be drawn to maximize the number of solidly minority districts.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="127" word="anyway">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="127o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Anyway</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="127o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">anyway</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>But ZBB did not involve the strategic planners in the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and therefore degenerated into a bean-counting drill driven by budget politics. Anyway, ZBB's procedures were so cumbersome that everyone involved was crushed under a burden of marginalia.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="128" word="upon">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="128o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Upon</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="128o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">upon</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>Upon returning to New York, "Exhausted, I got into a taxicab,</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="129" word="except that">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="129o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Except that</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="129o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">except that</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Exception"/>
        <example>A call option is similar to a put, except that it gives its owner the right to buy shares at a stated price until expiration.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="130" word="eventually">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="130o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Eventually</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="130o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">eventually</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession"/>
        <example>Pennzoil had sued Texaco for improperly interfering with its acquisition of a portion of Getty Oil Co. Eventually, Texaco, which was forced into bankruptcy proceedings by that litigation, settled its fight with Pennzoil for $3 billion in 1986.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="131" word="at the same time">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="131o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">At the same time</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="131o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">at the same time</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>Thirty-five percent attend religious services regularly; at the same time, 60% feel that in life one sometimes has to compromise one's principles.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.List"/>
        <example>The 301-year-old exchange is battered by enormous claims from a decade-long run of unprecedented disasters, the most recent of which is last week's earthquake in California's Bay Area. At the same time, Lloyd's is besieged by disgruntled investors and hamstrung by inefficient but time-honored ways of conducting business.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Contrast.Opposition"/>
        <example>In personal computers, Apple, Compaq and IBM are expected to tighten their hold on their business. At the same time, second-tier firms will continue to lose ground.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="132" word="in addition to">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="132o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In addition to</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="132o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in addition to</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>In addition to owning HBO, with 22 million subscribers, Time Warner separately operates cable-TV system serving about 5.6 million cable-TV subscribers.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="133" word="in spite of">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="133o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In spite of</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="133o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in spite of</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Comparison.Concession.Expectation"/>
        <example>copper had a steep fall in spite of a weak dollar, which would normally support the U.S. copper market.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="134" word="in any case">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="134o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">In any case</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="134o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">in any case</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Restatement.Generalization"/>
        <example>Many agencies roll over their debt, paying off delinquent loans by issuing new loans, or converting defaulted loan guarantees into direct loans. In any case, they avoid having to write off the loans.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example></example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="135" word="after all">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="135o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">After all</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="135o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">after all</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Pragmatic Cause.Justification"/>
        <example>The stock market's dizzying gyrations during the past few days have made a lot of individual investors wish they could buy some sort of insurance. After all, they won't soon forget the stock bargains that became available after the October 1987 crash.</example>
      </sem>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>"I guess I might have asked Beauregard to leave, but he drops so many good names, we decided to let him stay," says Steven Greenberg, publisher of Fame. "After all, Warhol was the ultimate namedropper, dropping five a day in his diaries. And Beauregard was mentioned twice -- although very briefly and in passing."</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="136" word="as a result of">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="136o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">As a result of</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="136o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">as a result of</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency.Cause.Reason"/>
        <example>As a result of an erroneous IRS levy on a bank account, a taxpayer may incur administrative and overdraft charges.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="137" word="irrespective of">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="137o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Irrespective of</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="137o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">irrespective of</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>IN</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Contingency"/>
        <example>… impeachment aims to protect public institutions from people who have abused their positions of trust, irrespective of the outcome of prior criminal or civil cases.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="138" word="rather than">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="138o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Rather than</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="138o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">rather than</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>ADVP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Alternative.Chosen Alternative"/>
        <example>… many prefer to spend additional time in jail rather than return the money,</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="139" word="after that">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="139o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">After that</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="139o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">after that</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>PP</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Asynchronous.Succession"/>
        <example>The buyers will also be locked into deposit rates for just two weeks, as has been the case with previous deals. After that, the buyers may repudiate the rates paid by the former thrifts.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="140" word="not only/but">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="140o1" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">Not only/but</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="140o2" type="cont">
        <part type="phrasal">not only/but</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>phrase</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Conjunction"/>
        <example>Not only are there camera operators on all sides, but the proceedings are shown on monitors throughout the theater.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="141" word="whenever">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="141o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Whenever</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="141o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">whenever</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Temporal.Synchronous"/>
        <example>… the Soviets' thirst for dollars this year to buy grain and other Western commodities and goods will bring them to the market whenever prices rally very much.</example>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
  <entry id="142" word="particularly">
    <orths>
      <orth canonical="0" orth_id="142o1" type="cont">
        <part type="single">Particularly</part>
      </orth>
      <orth canonical="1" orth_id="142o2" type="cont">
        <part type="single">particularly</part>
      </orth>
    </orths>
    <syn>
      <cat>RB</cat>
      <sem>
        <pdtb2_relation sense="Expansion.Restatement.Specification"/>
        <example/>
      </sem>
    </syn>
    <pdtb_modifiers/>
  </entry>
</dimlex>