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Docker presentation

Virtualization

What is virtualization ?

Why virtualization ?

  • Simplicity
  • Security
  • Risk reduction
  • Ease of management
  • HA ?

What kind of virtualization ?

  • Full
  • Para virtualized
  • Containers

Docker

  • Container
  • (LXC + cgroups)
  • High level API

Why use docker

  • Versionning
  • Immutability
  • Repeatability
  • Same environment
  • Automation (- Stateless)

From a developper

  • We have the same environment for reporting bugs
  • If we do the same actions, we will get the same result
  • One command to try my application
  • Use it from your tests

From an obs

  • I have the same environment everywhere (- I can eplace containers)
  • I have versions attached to my deployed softwares
  • I can start application with one command line
  • Common environment to exchange with developpers
  • We can review deployements

Vocabulary

  • Image
  • Container
  • Volume
  • Expose a port
  • link
  • SHA1 / names

Sample commands

  • docker ps

  • docker ps -a

  • docker rm "container"

  • docker images

  • docker rmi image

  • docker run image

  • docker run --port "80:8080" image

  • docker run --link "dnsEntryUsed:linkedContainerName" image

  • docker run --volume "onMyComputer:inTheContainer" image

  • docker run --name "containerName" image

  • docker inspect container

  • docker exec container command

DockerFile

What

Declarative file to build docker images

One line defines one intermediate image

How

Directives :

FROM

specifies origin image

Exemple : FROM java:openjdk-8-jdk

ENV

defines environment variables

Exemple : ENV GIT_VERSION 1:2.1.4-2.1

WORKDIR

Changes of directory

Exemple : WORKDIR /root

RUN

Run a command inside the container

Exemple : RUN apt-get install -y git

COPY

Copy files into the container

Example : COPY compile.sh /root/compile.sh

ENTRYPOINT

Defines the command to execute when starting the container

Exemple : ENTRYPOINT ["/root/compile.sh"]

Exemple

FROM java:openjdk-8-jdk

ENV GIT_VERSION 1:2.1.4-2.1

# Install Maven
WORKDIR /root
RUN wget http://mirrors.ircam.fr/pub/apache/maven/maven-3/3.3.1/binaries/apache-maven-3.3.1-bin.tar.gz
RUN tar -xvf apache-maven-3.3.1-bin.tar.gz
RUN ln -s /root/apache-maven-3.3.1/bin/mvn /usr/bin/mvn

# Install git
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y git

# Copy the script
COPY compile.sh /root/compile.sh
COPY integration_tests.sh /root/integration_tests.sh

# Define the entrypoint
WORKDIR /james-project
ENTRYPOINT ["/root/compile.sh"]

Docker build

  • docker build
  • docker build --tag "tag"
  • docker build path/to/dockerfile

Usefull links

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/ https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/ https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/cli/

Apache Web server

See Nicolas Doc

Practice :-)

Questions