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nwb_file_format_specification_v1.0.1.html
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="content-type">
<title>NWB file format specification v1.0.1</title>
<meta name="generator" content="Bluefish 2.2.3">
<meta name="created" content="00:00:00">
<meta name="changedby" content="Keith Godfrey">
<meta name="changed" content="2015-09-28T19:21:26.618651645">
<style type="text/css">
h2.cjk { font-family: "Droid Sans" }
h2.ctl { font-family: "FreeSans" }
h3.cjk { font-family: "Droid Sans" }
h3.ctl { font-family: "FreeSans" }
</style>
</head>
<body dir="ltr" lang="en-US">
<h1 style="margin-top: 0.17in; margin-bottom: 0.04in" align="center"><font face="Arial Bold, sans-serif"><font
style="font-size: 28pt" size="6"><b>NWB
File Format Specification</b></font></font></h1>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0.04in" align="center"><font style="font-size: 16pt"
size="4">Version
1.0.1</font></p>
<h2 class="western"><font style="font-size: 16pt" size="4"><b>Table
of Contents</b></font></h2>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#Introduction"><span lang="en-US">Introduction</span></a></strong></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">
<a href="#Top_level_groups"><span lang="en-US">Top level groups</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"> <a href="#Top_level_datasets"><span
lang="en-US">Top
Level Datasets</span></a></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#TimeSeries"><span lang="en-US">TimeSeries</span></a></strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.14in; margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="../todo"><span lang="en-US">TimeSeries
Class
Hierarchy</span></a></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Abstract_feature_series"><span lang="en-US">AbstractFeatureSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Annotation_series"><span lang="en-US">AnnotationSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Index_series"><span lang="en-US">IndexSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Interval_series"><span lang="en-US">IntervalSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Optogenetic_series"><span lang="en-US">OptogeneticSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#ROI_response_series">RoiResponseSeries</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Spatial_series"><span lang="en-US">SpatialSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Electrical_series"><span lang="en-US">ElectricalSeries</span></a>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Spike_event_series"><span lang="en-US">SpikeEventSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Patch_clamp_series">PatchClampSeries</a>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Voltage_clamp_stimulus_series">VoltageClampStimulusSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Current_clamp_stimulus_series">CurrentClampStimulusSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Voltage_clamp_series">VoltageClampSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Current_clamp_series">CurrentClampSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Image_series">ImageSeries</a> </p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Image_mask_series">ImageMaskSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Two_photon_series">TwoPhotonSeries</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="#Optical_series">OpticalSeries</a> </p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#Modules"><span lang="en-US">Modules</span></a></strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 0.14in; margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Module_interfaces"><span
lang="en-US">Module
Interfaces</span></a></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Behavioral_events"><span lang="en-US">BehavioralEvents</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Behavioral_epochs"><span lang="en-US">BehavioralEpochs</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Behavioral_time_series"><span lang="en-US">BehavioralTimeSeries</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Clustering"><span lang="en-US">Clustering</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Cluster_waveforms"><span lang="en-US">ClusterWaveforms</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Compass_direction"><span lang="en-US">CompassDirection</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Df_over_f"><span lang="en-US">DfOverF</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Event_detection"><span lang="en-US">EventDetection</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Event_waveform"><span lang="en-US">EventWaveform</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Eye_tracking"><span lang="en-US">EyeTracking</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Feature_extraction"><span lang="en-US">FeatureExtraction</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Filtered_ephys"><span lang="en-US">FilteredEphys</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Fluorescence"><span lang="en-US">Fluorescence</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Image_segmentation"><span lang="en-US">ImageSegmentation</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#LFP"><span lang="en-US">LFP</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Motion_correction"><span lang="en-US">MotionCorrection</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Position"><span lang="en-US">Position</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#Pupil_tracking"><span lang="en-US">PupilTracking</span></a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="#Unit_times"><span lang="en-US">UnitTimes</span></a> </p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#File_organization"><span lang="en-US">File
Organization</span></a></strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#TLG_acquisition">Acquisition</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#TLG_stimulus">Stimulus</a> </p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#TLG_epochs">Epochs</a> </p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#TLG_general">General</a> </p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="#TLG_processing">Processing</a> </p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="#TLG_analysis">Analysis</a> </p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#Extending_the_format"><span
lang="en-US">Extending
the format</span></a></strong></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><strong><a href="#Acknowledgements"><span lang="en-US">Acknowledgements</span></a></strong></p>
<p><strong><a href="#Change_history">Change History</a></strong></p>
<p><br>
<br>
</p>
<h2 class="western" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in"><a name="Introduction"></a>
Introduction </h2>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Neurodata Without Borders:
Neurophysiology is a project to develop a unified data format for
cellular-based neurophysiology data, focused on the dynamics of
groups of neurons measured under a large range of experimental
conditions. Participating labs provided use cases and critical
feedback to the effort. The design goals for the NWB format included:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><b>Compatibility</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Cross-platform</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Support for tool makers</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><b>Usability</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Quickly develop a basic understanding of
an experiment and its data</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Review an experiment’s details without
programming knowledge</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><b>Flexibility</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Accommodate an experiment’s raw and
processed data</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Encapsulate all of an experiment’s data,
or link to external data source when necessary</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><b>Extensibility</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Accommodate future experimental paradigms
without sacrificing backwards compatibility.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Support custom extensions when the
standard is lacking</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><b>Longevity</b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Data published in the format should be
accessible for decades</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><a href="https://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5/"><font
color="#0000ff"><u>Hierarchical
Data Format (HDF)</u></font></a> was selected for the NWB format
because it met several of the project’s requirements. First, it is
a mature data format standard with libraries available in multiple
programming languages. Second, the format’s hierarchical structure
allows data to be grouped into logical self-documenting sections. Its
structure is analogous to a file system in which its “groups” and
“datasets” correspond to directories and files. Groups and
datasets can have attributes that provide additional details, such as
authorities’ identifiers. Third, its linking feature enables data
stored in one location to be transparently accessed from multiple
locations in the hierarchy. The linked data can be external to the
file. Fourth, <a href="https://www.hdfgroup.org/products/java/hdfview/"><font
color="#0000ff"><u>HDFView</u></font></a>,
a free, cross-platform application, can be used to open a file and
browse data. Finally, ensuring the ongoing accessibility of
HDF-stored data is the mission of The HDF Group, the nonprofit that
is the steward of the technology.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">The NWB format standard is codified in
a schema file written in a specification language created for this
project. The specification language describes the schema, including
data types and associations. A new schema file will be published for
each revision of the NWB format standard. Tool developers are
expected to take advantage of this explicit description of the
format. However, data publishers are not expected to do so. They can
add custom datasets to existing TimeSeries, Epochs, Modules and
Interfaces. </p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<h3 class="western" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in"><a name="Top_level_groups"></a>
Top Level Groups </h3>
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<colgroup><col width="46*"> <col width="86*"> <col width="96*"> <col width="28*">
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Group</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Description</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Comment</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #000000; padding: 0.04in" bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Required</b></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>general</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Experimental
metadata, including protocol, notes and description of hardware
device(s)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
metadata stored in this section should be used to describe the
experiment. Metadata necessary for interpreting the data is
stored with the data.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>acquisition</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Data
streams recorded from the system, including ephys, ophys,
tracking, etc.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">This
group is read-only after the experiment is completed and
timestamps are corrected to a common timebase. The data stored
here may be links to raw data stored in external HDF5 files.
This will allow keeping bulky raw data out of the file while
preserving the option of keeping some/all in the file.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>stimulus</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Data
pushed into the system (eg, video stimulus, sound, voltage, etc)
and secondary representations of that data (eg, measurements of
something used as a stimulus)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">This
group is read-only after experiment complete and timestamps are
corrected to common timebase. Stores both presented stimuli and
stimulus templates, the latter in case the same stimulus is
presented multiple times, or is pulled from an external stimulus
library.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>epochs</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Experimental
intervals, whether that be logically distinct sub-experiments
having a particular scientific goal, trials during an
experiment, or epochs deriving from analysis of data.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Epochs
provide pointers to time series that are relevant to the epoch,
and windows into the data in those time series (i.e., the start
and end indices of </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>TimeSeries::data[]</i></font>
<font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">that overlap with the
epoch). This allows easy access to a range of data in specific
experimental intervals. </font> </p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>processing</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
home for processing </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>Modules</i></font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">. These modules perform
intermediate analysis of data that is necessary to perform
before scientific analysis. Examples include spike clustering,
extracting position from tracking data, stitching together image
slices.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>Modules</i></font>
<font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">are defined below. They can
be large and express many data sets from relatively complex
analysis (e.g., spike detection and clustering) or small,
representing extraction of position information from tracking
video, or even binary “lick/no-lick” decisions. Common software
tools (e.g., klustakwik, MClust) are expected to read/write data
here.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/</font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>analysis</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="34%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Lab-specific
and custom scientific analysis of data. There is no defined
format for the content of this group – the format is up to the
individual user/lab.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="37%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">To
facilitate sharing analysis data between labs, the contents here
should be stored in standard types (eg, INCF types) and
appropriately documented.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">The content of these organizational
groups is more fully described in the section titled, <a href="../todo"><font
color="#0000ff"><u>File_Organization</u></font></a>. The NWB format is
based on <i>TimeSeries</i>
and <i>Modules</i> and these are defined first. </p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">NWB stores general optical and
electrical physiology data in a way that should be understandable to
a naive user after a few minutes using looking at the file in an HDF5
browser, such as HDFView. The format is designed to be friendly to
and usable by software tools and analysis scripts, and to impose few
a priori assumptions about data representation and analysis. Metadata
required to understand the data itself (core metadata) is generally
stored with the data. Information required to interpret the
experiment (general metadata) is stored in the group 'general'. Most
general metadata is stored in free-form text fields. Machine-readable
metadata is stored as attributes on these free-form text fields.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">The only API assumed necessary to read
a NWB file is an HDF5 library (e.g., h5py in python, libhdf5 in C,
JHI5 in Java).</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<h3 class="western" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-after: avoid"><a
name="Top_level_datasets"></a>
<b>Top Level datasets</b></h3>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-after: avoid">Top-level
datasets are for file identification and version information.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-after: avoid"><br>
</p>
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<colgroup><col width="46*"> <col width="25*"> <col width="71*"> <col width="85*">
<col width="28*"> </colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Dataset</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Type</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Description</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Comments</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #000000; padding: 0.04in" bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Required</b></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/neurodata_version</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">File
version string</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Eg,
“NWB-1.0.0”. This is the identifying string (e.g., “NWB”) with
trailing major, minor and patch numbers.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/identifier</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Unique
file ID</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Eg,
concatenated lab name, file creation date/time and
experimentalist, or a hash of these and/or other values. The
goal is that the string should be unique to all other files.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/file_create_date</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text
array</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Time
file was created, UTC, and subsequent modifications to file.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Date
+ time, Use ISO format (eg, ISO 8601). File can be created after
the experiment was run, so this may differ from experiment start
time. Each modifictation to file adds new entry to array</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/session_start_time</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Time
of experiment/session start, UTC</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Date
+ time, Use ISO format (eg, ISO 8601). All times stored in the
file use this time as reference (ie, time zero)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">/session_description</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">One
or two sentences describing the experiment and data in the file</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
Throughout the document, sizes are provided for the different datasets.
These are are both recommended sizes (for integers) and
minimum sizes (for floats).
The size (number of bits) defined for integer fields in the specification is
the recommended size. Larger or smaller sizes can be used, both signed and
unsigned, so long as the selected integer size encompasses the full range of
data without over or underflow. For floating-point values, the size defined
in the specification is the minimum size. A double-precision (float64) or
larger can be used when a single-precision float is specified, but the
reverse is not true.
<p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<h2 class="western" style="margin-top: 0in; margin-bottom: 0in"><a name="TimeSeries"></a>
TimeSeries </h2>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-after: avoid">The file
format is designed around a data structure called a <i>TimeSeries</i>
which stores time-varying data. A <i>TimeSeries</i> is a superset of
several INCF types, including signal events, image stacks and
experimental events. To account for different storage requirements
and different modalities, a <i>TimeSeries</i> is defined in a minimal
form and it can be extended, or subclassed, to account for different
modalities and data storage requirements. When a <i>TimeSeries</i> is
extended, it means that the 'subclassed' instance maintains all of
the data interface (eg, groups and datasets) as its parent and it has
new groups and/or datasets of its own. The <i>TimeSeries</i> makes
this process of defining such pairs more hierarchical.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in">Each <i>TimeSeries</i> has its own HDF5
group, and all datasets belonging to a <i>TimeSeries</i> are in that
group. The group contains time and data components and users are free
to add additional fields as necessary. There are two time objects
represented. The first, <i>timestamps</i>, stores time information
that is corrected to the experiment's time base (i.e., aligned to a
master clock, with time-zero aligned to the starting time of the
experiment). This field is used for data processing and subsequent
scientific analysis. The second, <i>sync</i>, is an optional group
that can be used to store the sample times as reported by the
acquisition/stimulus hardware, before samples are converted to a
common timebase and corrected relative to the master clock. This
approach allows the NWB format to support streaming of data directly
from hardware sources.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in"><br>
</p>
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<colgroup><col width="46*"> <col width="25*"> <col width="71*"> <col width="85*">
<col width="28*"> </colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Dataset</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Type</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Description</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0.04in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Comment</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #000000; padding: 0.04in" bgcolor="#c0c0c0"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Required</b></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">data</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">polymorphic</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Data
values. Can also store binary data (eg, image frames)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">This
field may be a link to data stored in an external file,
especially in the case of raw data.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
unit (attr)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
base unit of measure used to store data. This should be in the
SI unit.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">This
is the SI unit (when appropriate) of the stored data, such as
Volts. If the actual data is stored in millivolts, the field
'conversion' below describes how to convert the data to the
specified SI unit</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
conversion (attr)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">float32</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Scalar
to multiply each element in data to convert it to the specified
</font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>unit</i></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
resolution (attr)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">float32</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Smallest
meaningful difference between values in data, stored in the
specified by </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>unit</i></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">E.g.,
the change in value of the least significant bit, or a larger
number if signal noise is known to be present. If unknown, use
NaN</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">timestamps</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">float64
array</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Timestamps
for the samples stored in </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>data</i></font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">.</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Timestamps
here have all been corrected to the common experiment
master-clock. Time is stored as seconds and all timestamps are
relative to experiment start time. </font><font style="font-size: 9pt"
size="2"><b>Only one of </b></font><font style="font-size: 9pt"
size="2"><i><b>timestamps</b></i></font> <font style="font-size: 9pt"
size="2"><b>and </b></font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i><b>starting_time</b></i></font>
<font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>should be present</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes
-- unless starting_time is present</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
interval (attr)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">int32</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
number of samples between each timestamp</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Presently
this value is restricted to 1 (ie, a timestamp for each sample)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
unit (attr)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">text</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
string “Seconds”</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">All
timestamps in the file are stored in seconds. Specifically, this
is the number of seconds since the start of the experiment
(i.e., since </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i>session_start_time</i></font><font
style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">starting_time</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="10%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">float64</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="28%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">The
timestamp of the first sample</font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="33%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">When
timestamps are uniformly spaced, the timestamp of the first
sample can be specified and all subsequent ones calculated from
the sampling rate. </font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>Only
one of </b></font><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><i><b>timestamps</b></i></font>
<font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2"><b>and </b></font><font style="font-size: 9pt"
size="2"><i><b>starting_time</b></i></font> <font style="font-size: 9pt"
size="2"><b>should be present</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: 1px solid #000000; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0.04in"
width="11%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">Yes
-- unless timestamps is present</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="border-top: none; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-right: none; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0.04in; padding-left: 0.04in; padding-right: 0in"
width="18%">
<p style="page-break-after: avoid"><font style="font-size: 9pt" size="2">_
rate (attr)</font></p>
</td>